Download presentation
Published byAdela Pierce Modified over 9 years ago
1
Determinants of Health and Disease (7.295) Srunphut Pukma
Lecture 1: Drug Development, Protein Synthesis, Cell Biology, Genetics, Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome
2
Introductions! Welcome to MIT/BOSTON!!
3
What is this class about…?
To better understand the current medical needs and problems. To understand the biological and chemical basis of multiple diseases. To develop a keen perception of the medical professions (doctors, nurses, PAs, ems…) To construct a strong sense of biological and medical research ethics.
4
Determinants…of Health Care and Disease?
What!!?? I didn’t sign up for Linear!!... What is the definition of Determinants..?
5
Unmet Medical Needs
6
Biochemistry Review Inorganic Chemistry Cell Biology Genetics
Electronegativity Polarity (Charged and Uncharged) Cell Biology Membranes Protein Synthesis Protein Trafficking and Modification Genetics Genotype, Phenotype, Mutation (Sporadic) Anatomy and Physiology
7
Periodic Table of Elements
General Chemistry Periodic Table of Elements
8
The Atom! (Protons..Neutrons..Electrons)
Atomic compositions of elements (Carbon Atom) Nucleus (Proton + Neutrons) Protons are POSITIVE Neutrons are NEUTRAL Electrons are NEGATIVE Molecules form when two or more atoms are bonded through specific chemical connection
9
The Water Molecule (H2O)
10
Electronegativity The tendency for an atom to attract (take/accept) electrons onto its valence shells to gain “Stability”.
11
Hydrogen Bonding
12
Water “loving” or “hating”
Hydrophilic ~ having functional groups to “ATTRACT” Water mol. Hydrophobic ~ having functional groups to “REPEL” Water mol.
13
**Discussion Question**
Could you think of some examples in “Nature” that you commonly see Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic interactions?
14
Amino Acids (Polar, nonPolar, Neutral)
17
Protein Structure
18
The Human Cell
19
Membrane Bi-layers
20
Nucleus and Nuclear Membrane
21
Chromosomes
22
Rough ER and Smooth ER
23
Ribosome Units
24
Protein Synthesis
25
Genetic Transcription
26
Genetic Translation
28
**Discussion Question**
What is the resulting PROTEIN Sequence? DNA: A T C G A C T A A G G C A T A A T A G C A MRNA: _________________________________ PROTEIN: _________________________________
29
Protein Modification
30
**Discussion Question**
A special brain cell is making a protein, and where is bears a ABB-SBB consensus there will be a hydrophobic group attached. How will this protein look? Note, hydrophobic groups prefers to be in hydrophobic regions of the cell. XXX-ABB-SSB-XXX-SSB-ABB-XXX-ABB-SSB-XXX
31
Case Study: Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome
32
Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome
33
Nuclear Lamina and Envelop
34
Lamin-A Maturation
35
Progeria’s Nuclear Lamina
36
Lonafarnib (FTIs)
37
**Discussion Question**
Drug design is a vital component of treating a disease or illness. When considering certain therapeutic treatments, many factors must be regarded (age, weight, sex). Discuss the following phrases: Agree/Disagree? Why/Why Not? It is important to use multiple drugs to treat a disease. People of the same age could consume the same drugs. Specific drugs only serves specific purposes. Killing animals is cruel, we should not use them to test drugs or medicine. Famous medicines should never lose their patents.
38
Medicinal Treatments: Case Study
Think like a chemist! You need choose drug(s) that will help ameliorate the conditions of Progeria. 7 year old Sally Bloom, as other progeria patients, complains of problems with her fragile bones, her lack of body fat, and too much bad cholesterol (LDL). Design a treatment plan for Sally. Drug Name: Treatment Side Effects/Common Results. Bone Plus 3000 Helps strengthen bones, skeletal muscle, and teeth. Causes lost of appetite for children under 5 years old. F-Lipid X Prevents farnesylation of Lamin-A. Decreases Subcutaneous Fats Retinal AAA Helps improve eye sight and eye health. NO Side Effects. Calci-MAX Improves bone health. Increases LDL (Bad Cholesterol) Lip-Detour Prevent farnesylation of Lamin-A. Increases HDL (Good Cholesterol) OMEGA 91K Increase Subcutaneous Fats and Decrease LDL Causes increase in Hair Growth on head. Gamma-Gen Improve Alzheimer’s conditions Make bones brittle and breaks.
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.