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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. THE PHILIPPINES

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Presentation on theme: "LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. THE PHILIPPINES"— Presentation transcript:

1 LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. THE PHILIPPINES
LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. THE PHILIPPINES. PART 1: EARTHQUAKES More lectures at Disasters Supercourse -  Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 

2 NATURAL HAZARDS THAT PLACE THE PHILIPPINES’ COMMUNITIES AT RISK
EARTHQUAKES GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE TYPHOONS ENACT AND IMPLEMENT POLICIES HAVING HIGH BENEFIT/COST FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE FLOODS LANDSLIDES VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

3 THE PHILIPPINES

4 SEISMICITY MAP

5 EARTHQUAKES EARTHQUAKES OCCUR FREQUENTLY IN THE PHILIPPINES AS A RESULT OF COMPLEX INTERACTIONS OF THE PHILIPPINE AND EURASIAN PLATES

6 THE PHILIPPINES PLATE

7 INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING
CAUSES OF DAMAGE INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING SOIL AMPLIFICATION PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT (SURFACE FAULTING & GROUND FAILURE) IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN EARTHQUAKES “DISASTER LABORATORIES” TSUNAMI WAVE RUNUP POOR DETAILING AND WEAK CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS FRAGILITY OF NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

8 GOAL: EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE
QUAKE HAZARDS BLDG. INVENTORY VULNERABILITY LOCATION EARTHQUAKE RISK ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK RISK GOAL: EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE PHILIPPINES’ COMMUNITIES DATA BASES AND INFORMATION PREPAREDNESS PROTECTION EARLY WARNING EMERGENCY RESPONSE RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION POLICY OPTIONS HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

9 SOME OF THE PHILIPPINES’ NOTABLE EARTHQUAKE EXPERIENCES
AUGUST 16, 1976 JULY 16, 1990 AUGUST 31, 2012

10 THE MINDANAO EARTHQUAKE AND GULF OF MORO TSUNAMI The Philippines’ Worst Earthquake/Tsunami Disaster
AUGUST 16, 1976

11 LOCATION

12 THE EARTHQUAKE Occurring at night when schools and offices were closd, the fatalities were relatively low (about 800) despite extensive damage to buildings due to poor construction and/or inadequate foundations. Bridges and roads in Mindanao and the city of Cotobato were damaged.

13 COTOBATO: DAMAGED BRIDGE

14 Unfortunately, there was no time for the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center to issue a warning before a large local tsunami struck the region just minutes after the earthquake,

15 THE GULF OF MORO TSUNAMI
The destructive tsunami generated in the Gulf of Moro and in the Celebes Sea killed about 90 percent of the estimated 8,000 total fatalities, hitting peope in coastal communities in North and South Zamboanga, North and South Lanao, North Cotabato, Maguindanao and Sultan Kudarat (Mindanao), and in the neighboring Sulu Islands.

16 THE LUZON EARTHQUAKE M7.8 JULY 16, 1990 4:26 pm

17 LOCATION

18 OCCURRENCE The earthquake occurred on the Philippine fault system, a well-known strike-slip fault zone. The rupture produced a 125 km-long surface scarp stretching from Dingalan, Aurora to Cuvapo, Nueva Eciia.

19 LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE
ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

20 Baguio City was isolated from the rest of the Philippines for 48 hours after the quake.

21 BAGUIO CITY: DAMAGE TO BUILDINGS
Baguio City, a popular tourist destination, situated about 1,500 m (1 mile) above sea level, was among the areas hardest hit by the earthquake. The collapsed and damaged buildings in Baguio City included hotels, factories, government and university buildings, and homes..[

22 HYATT TERACES HOTEL: 80 DEAD

23 BAGUIO CITY: DAMAGE TO LIFELINE SYSTEMS
Electric, water and communication lines were destroyed. Kennon Road, the main vehicular route to Baguio, as well as other access routes to the mountain city, were shut down by landslides

24 FATALITIES An estimated 1,621 people were killed in the earthquake, with most of the fatalities located in the Central Luzon and Cord-illera region

25 M7.6 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES 140 KM FROM SAMAR PROVINCE ON EAST COAST OF THE PHILIPPINES 34 KM DEEP 8:47 PM AUGUST 31, 2012

26 LOCATION MAP

27 THE PHILIPPINES’ RENATO SOLIDUM POINTS TO EPICENTER

28 LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE
ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES PREPAREDNESS PLANNING FOR THE INEVITABLE GROUND SHAKING IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

29 CAGAYAN DE ORO: A COLLAPSED HOUSE

30 DAMAGED ROAD

31 DAMAGED ROAD

32 LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE
ALL NATURAL HAZARDS CAPACITY FOR INTELLIGENT EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

33 SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
Wide spread power outages occurred in Samar Province One person was killed when a landslide engulfed the home in Cagayan de Oro City.

34 THE PACIFIC TSUNAMI WARNING CENTER ISSUED A TSUNAMI WARNING, WHICH WAS LIFTED AFTER 2 HOURS

35 LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE
ALL NATURAL HAZARDS CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

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