1. First Age of Empires
BCE

2. New Kingdom of Egypt (1570-1075 BCE)
more wealth and power
Valley of the Kings
New burial site for pharaohs
Queen Hatshepsut reigned BCE
Encouraged trade
Step-son, Thutmose III becomes pharaoh
War-like ruler
Led invasions into Palestine, Syria, and Nubia
Expanded territory
Gained much wealth & new technology

7. Ramses II -Last powerful pharaoh of the New Kingdom
-fought in the Battle of Kadesh
-resulted in peace treaty between the Egyptians and Hittites

8. -religion -literature/hieroglyphics -customs
During Egyptian rule, nobles from Nubia sent their children to Egyptian cities & when they returned, they brought Egyptian culture back to Nubia
-religion
-literature/hieroglyphics
-customs

9. Kingdom of Kush & the Nubians
-Egypt slowly crumbles after Ramses II
-Libya takes over
-Nubians tried to push out the Libyan rulers & return Egyptian culture
-defeated the Libyans in 751 BCE under the Kushite King Piankhi
-He ruled Egypt & Nubia
-Nubians saw selves as the guardians of the Egyptian values

10. -golden age through trade in Africa, Arabia, and India
Meroe
-major city of Kush
-golden age through trade in Africa, Arabia, and India

13. 671 BCE – Kushites lose Egypt to Assyrians & retreat back to Nubia

14. Assyrians Military power
Ladders
Iron weapons
Tunnels
Brutal tactics
Mass deportation
Controlled empire through military power, taxes, & making the provinces dependent upon the Assyrians

16. Persians Origin = modern-day Iran Cyrus First king of Persian Empire
Expanded territory
Honored local customs & religions
Granted certain freedoms to subject peoples
Showed kindness towards conquered people

18. Persian Rule Dynasty rule Satraps Inspectors Royal Road
Governor of a province within the empire
Carried out the laws of the King
Inspectors
“King’s eyes & ears”
Ensured satrap’s loyalty
Royal Road
1,677 miles long road connecting empire
Standardized money

19. Zoroaster Persian prophet & religious reformer
Developed Zoroastrianism
Religion based on a final judgement
Goodness=ascend to paradise
Evil=doomed to the underworld

20. Persian Legacy Tolerance Strong government Roads Zoroasterianism
Satraps
Roads
Zoroasterianism

21. China
Under the Zhou Dynasty, during the Warring Period, several philosophies developed
Confucius
Laozi
Legalism
Yin and Yang

22. Confucius
Believed social order, harmony, and good government could be restored if society was organized around 5 basic relationships.
1) ruler & subject
2) father & son
3) husband & wife
4) older brother & younger brother
5) friend & friend

23. Laozi Do not strive for fame, power, or wisdom Follow the “Dao” or way
Daoism
Humans are the only thing in nature that has to argue between right and wrong
Which is pointless

24. Legalism
Government should use the law to end civil disorder and restore harmony
Stressed punishment more than rewards

25. Yin and Yang Yin = represents earth, female, and passive
Yang = represents heaven, male, and active
Together = represents natural rhythms of life and complement each other

26. Qin Dynasty (221-202 BCE) Legalist Autocracy rule
Unlimited powers for the “emperor”
Halted internal battles and crushed resistance
Killed hundreds of Confucian scholars
Burned the “useless” books of Confucian ideas
Defeated invaders
Seized land and uprooted the nobles to the capital city
He can keep an eye on them
He took their land
Forced labor on roads, irrigation systems, and the Great Wall of China
Standardized weights & measurements

28. Results of the Qin Dynasty
Wealth in trade
Increased farming production
Kept out invaders
Unified China

29. Unified China came at the expense of what?