1. Plant Propagation The reproduction of new plants from seeds or vegetative parts of a plant.

2. Asexual Propagation The reproduction of new plants from the stems, leaves, or roots of a parent plant. No seeds are used, just portions of the parent plant which are placed in soil

3. Benefits of Asexual Propagation Produce plants faster Disease free stock Works when seeds are hard to germinate Plants produced are genetically identical to the parent plant “Clones” Plants with or without reproductive parts can be produced Less Expensive in some cases

4. Where Can Cuttings be Taken From? Roots Stems Leaves

5. Methods of Asexual Propagation Stem Cuttings Leaf Cuttings Leaf Bud Cuttings Root Cuttings

11. Stem Cuttings Softwood Cuttings Herbaceous Cuttings Semi-hardwood Cuttings Hardwood Cuttings Conifer Cuttings

12. Softwood Cuttings Taken from soft, new spring growth of woody plants Root easy but require more attention Usually 3 to 5 inches in length 2 or 3 nodes Cut at 45 degree angles ¼ inch below a node 1/3 of lower leaves are removed

13. Herbaceous Cuttings Also considered softwood cuttings Numerous succulent greenhouse plants 3 to 4 inches long Contain several leaves Root easily

14. Semi-hardwood Cuttings Woody, broad leaved plants Taken in the summer from new shoots 3 to 6 inches in length Handled the same as softwood cuttings

15. Hardwood Cuttings Prepared during the dormant season Deciduous or evergreen plants 6 to 8 inches in length Taken from year old wood Form callus tissue during the winter Develop roots in the spring

16. Conifer Cuttings Early winter Narrowleaf evergreens May take several months to produce roots

17. Leaf Cuttings Consist of a leaf blade or leaf blade with petiole Used when plant material is scarce Used when a large number of new plants are needed Houseplants or foliage plants

18. Leaf Cuttings Cont. Leaf blades can be cut into pieces and inserted into medium Some leaves can be cut on the primary veins and laid flat on top of the growing medium. Leaf and petiole cuttings are place petiole down the the medium

19. Leaf Bud Cuttings Consist of a leaf, petiole, and a short piece of stem with lateral bud. Must have well developed buds, and healthy, actively growing leaves. Insert in medium with the lateral bud just below the surface

20. Root Cuttings Made from root pieces of young plants During late winter or early spring Roots are dug, cleaned, and treated with fungicide 2 to 6 inches in length Placed horizontally or vertically Quite laborious

21. Rooting Hormones Material that promote the development of roots Applied to the bases of the cuttings Powders or Solutions Do not use too much, it may cause the stem to rot

22. Root-Inducing Environment High humidity to reduce water loss Indirect sunlight Growing medium