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Figure 35.0 The effect of submersion in water on leaf development in Cabomba
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Figure 35.0x The effect of wind on plant form in fir trees
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Figure 35.2 Morphology of a flowering plant: an overview
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Figure 35.1 A comparison of monocots and dicots
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Figure 35.3 Radish root hairs
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Figure 35.4 Modified shoots: Stolons, strawberry (top left); rhizomes, iris (top right); tubers, potato (bottom left); bulb, onion (bottom right)
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Figure 35.5 Simple versus compound leaves
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Figure 35.6 Modified leaves: Tendrils, pea plant (top left); spines, cacti (top right); succulent (bottom left); brightly-colored leaves, poinsettia (bottom right)
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Figure 35.6x Lithops, a stone-mimicking plant from South African deserts
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Figure 35.7 The three tissue systems
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Figure 35.8 Water-conducting cells of xylem
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Figure 35.9 Food-conducting cells of the phloem
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Figure 35.10 Review of general plant cell structure
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Figure 35.11 The three major categories of plant cells
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Figure 35.12 Locations of major meristems: an overview of plant growth
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Figure 35.13 Morphology of a winter twig
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Figure 36.18 Tapping phloem sap with the help of an aphid
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Figure 35.14 Primary growth of a root
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Figure 35.15 Organization of primary tissues in young roots
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Figure 35.16 The formation of lateral roots
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Figure 35.17 The terminal bud and primary growth of a shoot
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Figure 35.18 Organization of primary tissues in young stems
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Figure 35.19 Leaf anatomy
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Figure 35.20 Production of secondary xylem and phloem by the vascular cambium
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Figure 35.21 Secondary growth of a stem (Layer 1)
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Figure 35.21 Secondary growth of a stem (Layer 2)
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Figure 35.21 Secondary growth of a stem (Layer 3)
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Figure 35.22 Anatomy of a three-year-old stem
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Figure 35.22x Secondary growth of a stem
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Figure 35.23 Anatomy of a tree trunk
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Figure 35.24 A summary of primary and secondary growth in a woody stem
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Figure 36.0 Eucalyptus trees
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Figure 36.0x Trees
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Figure 36.1 An overview of transport in whole plants (Layer 1)
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Figure 36.1 An overview of transport in whole plants (Layer 2)
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Figure 36.1 An overview of transport in whole plants (Layer 3)
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Figure 36.1 An overview of transport in whole plants (Layer 4)
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Figure 36.2 A chemiosmotic model of solute transport in plant cells
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Figure 36.3 Water potential and water movement: a mechanical model
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Figure 36.4 Water relations of plant cells
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Figure 36.5 A watered tomato plant regains its turgor
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Figure 36.6 Compartments of plant cells and tissues and routes for lateral transport
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Figure 36.7 Lateral transport of minerals and water in roots
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Figure 36.8 Mycorrhizae, symbiotic associations of fungi and roots
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Figure 36.9 Guttation
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Figure 36.12x Stomata on the underside of a leaf
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Figure 35.19 Leaf anatomy
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Figure 36.10 The generation of transpirational pull in a leaf
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Figure 36.11 Ascent of water in a tree
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Figure 36.12 An open (left) and closed (right) stoma of a spider plant (Chlorophytum colosum) leaf
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Figure 36.13a The mechanism of stomatal opening and closing
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Figure 36.13b The mechanism of stomatal opening and closing
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Figure 36.14 A patch-clamp study of guard cell membranes
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Figure 36.15 Structural adaptations of a xerophyte leaf
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Figure 36.15x Structural adaptations of a xerophyte leaf
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Figure 36.16 Loading of sucrose into phloem
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Figure 36.17 Pressure flow in a sieve tube
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Figure 36.18 Tapping phloem sap with the help of an aphid
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Figure 35.25 The proportion of Arabidopsis genes in different functional categories
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Figure 37.0 Hyacinth
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Figure 37.1 The uptake of nutrients by a plant: an overview
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Figure 37.2 Using hydroponic culture to identify essential nutrients
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Table 37.1 Essential Nutrients in Plants
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Figure 37.3 Magnesium deficiency in a tomato plant
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Figure 37.4 Hydroponic farming
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Figure 37.5 Soil horizons
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Figure 37.6 The availability of soil water and minerals
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Figure 37.7 Poor soil conservation has contributed to ecological disasters such as the Dust Bowl
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Figure 37.8 Contour tillage
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Figure 37.9 The role of soil bacteria in the nitrogen nutrition of plants (Layer 1)
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Figure 37.9 The role of soil bacteria in the nitrogen nutrition of plants (Layer 2)
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Figure 37.9 The role of soil bacteria in the nitrogen nutrition of plants (Layer 3)
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Figure 37.10 Root nodules on legumes
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Figure 37.10x Nodules
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Figure 37.11 Development of a soybean root nodule
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Figure 37.12 Crop rotation and “green manure”
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Figure 37.13 Molecular biology of root nodule formation
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Figure 37.14 Mycorrhizae
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Figure 37.15a Parasitic plants: Cross section of dodder
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Figure 37.15b Parasitic plants: Indian pipe
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Figure 37.16 Carnivorous plants: Venus fly trap (left), pitcher plant (right)
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Figure 37.16x Sundew with fruit fly
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Figure 35.25x Arabidopsis thaliana
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Figure 35.26 The plane and symmetry of cell division influence development of form
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Figure 35.27 The preprophase band and the plane of cell division
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Figure 35.28 The orientation of plant cell expansion
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Figure 35.29 A hypothetical mechanism for how microtubules orient cellulose microfibrils
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Figure 35.30 The fass mutant of Arabidopsis confirms the importance of cortical microtubules to plant growth
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Figure 35.31 Establishment of axial polarity
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Figure 35.32 Too much “volume” from a homeotic gene
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Figure 35.33 Example of cellular differentiation
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Figure 35.34 Phase change in the shoot system of Eucalyptus
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Figure 35.35 Organ identity genes and pattern formation in flower development
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Figure 35.36 The ABC hypothesis for the functioning of organ identity genes in flower development
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