1. Courage Child Protection Audit: Zambia

2. DEE BLACKIE Courage Child Protection Audit: Zambia

3. DEE BLACKIE Courage Child Protection Audit: Zambia Prioritised Disempowerment Areas DISEMPOWERMENT weight EMPOWERMENT 1Neglect/Non Delivery 3.48 Action/Care/Delivery 2Violence/Anarchy 3.46 Values & Belief Set 3Exploitation/No trust 3.18 Partnership/Mutual trust 4Ignorance/Dishonesty 3.07 Knowledge/Accountability 5Low Self Esteem/No responsibility 2.99 High Self Esteem/Responsibility 6Hate/Anger/Resentment 2.98 Love/Forgiveness/Empathy 7Addiction/Directionless 2.63 Leadership/Vision/Purpose

4. DEE BLACKIE ALL CHILDREN BELOW THE AGE OF 18 YEARS Number of children*Who they are living with*What is their living environment* In country? (% of total) In each province? (% of total) In each community? (% of total) By gender (% of total) Number of child births per year? Number of child deaths per year? −Prematurity? −Abandonment? −Illness? −Disease? −Neglect? −Abuse? −Suicide? Average child life expectancy? Birth mother and father? Birth mother only? Birth father only? Grandparent/s? Extended family? Legal guardian? On their own? −On the street? −In a home (Child Headed HH)? Wards of the state? −Institution/home? −Foster care? −Correctional facility? Permanent legal adoption? −Local vs international? Urban/Rural split? Living in poverty? (% of total) Social security support? Formal home vs Informal home? −Access to electricity? −Access to clean water? −Access to adequate sanitation? Access to a family environment? Access to a safe home/place to sleep? Access to adequate nutrition? Access to early childhood development? Access to adequate education? Access to health care services? Access to play/recreation? Child protection overview* Macro child protection challenges: Registration & Citizenship? Disease? −HIV/AIDS? −FASD? −Other? Disability? −Premature birth? −Physical disability? −Mental disability? Orphans? Illegal immigrants/refugees/ unaccompanied minors? Family related child protection challenges: Informal (illegal) adoption? Parent drug or alcohol abuse? Psychological maltreatment: ridiculing, terrorizing, corrupting, denying love and affection? Bullying (tangible & cyber)? Isolation and internment? Female circumcision? Harmful male circumcision? Virginity testing? (age/consent) Child/Teen crisis pregnancy? Criminal child protection challenges: Late/illegal abortion? Child abandonment? −Unsafe vs safe? Child neglect? Child living/working on street? Physical abuse/ill-treatment? Murder or Attempted murder Corporal punishment? Sexual abuse? Child trafficking? Child exploitation? Child labour? Child marriage? * Each metric should be assessed by age, living environment e.g. may want to compare urban vs rural.

5. DEE BLACKIE Zambia Child Protection Review Number of Children: –In country: 752 330 children under 18 (Unicef: 2013) –By province: 49.5% of 1,407,088 population are children under the age of 15 in all 9 provinces (Wikipedia.org: 2000) –In each community: Info not available (% of total) –By gender: Women 52% Men 48% Total (Wikipedia.org: 2000) Number of child births per year: 608 000 (Unicef: 2013) Number of child deaths per year: 50 000 5 and under (Unicef: 2013) –Respiratory Infections 26% –Diarrhoea 20% –Anaemia 6% –Malnutrition 5% –Other 1% (Health Situation Summery) Average child life expectancy: 57 years (Unicef: 2013)

6. DEE BLACKIE

7. Zambia Child Protection Review Who the children live with: –Birth mother and father: 58% live with both parents (zamstats.gov.zm: 2007) –Birth mother only: Stats not given but 670 000 have lost either one or both parents to HIV/AIDS (avert.org: 2012) –Birth father only: See above –Grandparent/s: 400 000 (Unicef: 2013) –Extended family: 70% of adolescents live with extended family (academia.edu) –Legal guardian: Info not available –On the street: 13 000 (Unicef: 2013) –In a home (Child Headed HH): 0.4% of children (academia.edu: 2000 outdated) Wards of the state? –Institution/home: 224 Children’s homes (MSC Pres) –Foster care: 5522 (MSC Pres) –Correctional facility: 53 (issafrica.org 2013) Permanent legal adoption? –Local vs international? Information not available

8. DEE BLACKIE Zambia Child Protection Review Living Environment: –Urban/Rural split: 80% Rural (Unicef: 2013) –Living in poverty: 64% (Unicef: 013) –Social security support: 21 000 households given money by government to support orphaned/abandoned children (Unicef: 2011) –Formal home vs Informal home: Info not available –Access to electricity: 18.5% (data.worldbank.org-2010) –Access to clean water: Urban 80% Rural 50.1% (Unicef:2013) –Access to adequate sanitation: Urban 55.8% Rural 33,2% (Unicef:2013) Family environment: –Access to a family environment: Info not available –Access to a safe home/place to sleep: Info not available –Access to adequate nutrition: 71% of families have major food insecurity (thesis.eur.nl: 2011) –Access to early childhood development: 6% (dhlkeducationaltrust.org-2014) –Access to adequate education: 17.1% of children enrolled in G1 (dhlkeducationaltrust.org-2007) –Access to health care services: 20.7% total have access to health care (afro.who.int:2002) –Access to play/recreation: Info not available

9. DEE BLACKIE Zambia: Macro Child Protection Challenges Registration & Citizenship: 30,9 % children registered from 2005-2012 (Unicef: 2013) Disease: –HIV/AIDS: 9500 children infected per day (avert.org 2012) 980 000 total population (indexmundi.com 2012) –FASD: Info not found –Other: Info not found Disability: 1,6% of children have a disability (adry.up.ac.za) –Premature birth: 2,3% –Physical disability: Info not found –Mental disability: Info not found Orphans: 140 000 children reported in 2012 (Unicef: 2012) Illegal immigrants/refugees/ unaccompanied minors: Info not available

10. DEE BLACKIE HIV/AIDS

11. DEE BLACKIE Zambia: Family Child Protection Challenges Informal (illegal) adoption: Info not available Parent drug or alcohol abuse: 40.8% of parents drink alcohol daily (africacheck.org) Psychological maltreatment: Info not available Bullying (tangible & cyber): 70% of bullying occurs in school (bvsde.ops-oms.org: 2004) Isolation and internment: Info not available Female circumcision: 3 million girls in Africa per year. No stats for Zambia (Wikipedia) Harmful male circumcision: 23 000 males a year in Africa. No stats for Zambia (degrees.fhi360.org) Virginity testing? (age/consent): Usually done at 15 years old without the consent of the child (hrw.org- 2010) Child/Teen crisis pregnancy: 33.6% of births before 18 years ( Unicef: 2013)

12. DEE BLACKIE Zambia Criminal Child Protection Challenges Late/illegal abortion: 66% of illegal abortion using the following methods - herbal drinks, Chloroquine tablets, Aspirin tablets, Ampicillin tablets and washing powder solution. (academia.edu) Child abandonment (Safe vs unsafe): Info not available Child neglect: 1715 cases reported in 2010 (ohchr.org) Child living/working on street: 20 000 children (Unicef: 2013) Physical abuse/ill-treatment: 47% of all women, no stats on children (Unicef: 2013) Murder or Attempted murder: 5% attempted murder Corporal punishment: 24% (Unicef: 2013) Sexual abuse: 71% Females and 28% males in 2010 total pop (svri.org: 2011) Child trafficking: 43 cases reported in 2007 (wvioaptus.wvi.org) Child exploitation: 11.2% (resourcecentre.savethechildren.se: 2011) Child labour: 40.6% reported cases from 2002-2012 (Unicef:2012) Child marriage: 17.8% of Zambian women are married before 18 (Unicef: 2013)

13. DEE BLACKIE

14. Thank you