Basic Lecture I: Geometry and Source Definition

Basic Lecture I: Geometry and Source Definition
PHITS Multi-Purpose Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System Basic Lecture I: Geometry and Source Definition PHITS講習会　入門実習 May 2015 revised title 1

Purpose of This Lecture
Learn input format of PHITS, and how to define simple geometry and source term You can obtain this kind of results at the end of this lecture (Particle fluence around cylindrical water irradiated by 290 MeV proton beam) Purpose 2

Table of Contents General Description Geometry Source Summary Homework
General definition Boolean operator How to define cell with many surfaces Macrobody and SimpleGEO How to add material 「実習」　前の基本的な話から Contents 3

Format of PHITS input Calculation condition can be specified by text file Input file consists of several sections [ Section Name ] ←start of this section Basic format keyword（parameter） = value or character (“space” means nothing) or parameter1 parameter2 parameter3 … 所謂「PHITS言語」角括弧（：大カッコ←最近では望ましくない呼び名らしい。） Parameters are separated by “space” You can write 200 characters in one line Insert more than 6 spaces in successive line Parameters can be given in mathematic equations: e.g. 1.0+exp(-2.0) General description 4

Input support command *You can write sections in arbitrary order
[ ]off 　　　 skip this section qp: 　　　skip from this line to the next section q: 　　　equivalent to [end] section Comment marks C in the first 5 column of the line $ and # in the middle of the line (but # cannot be used in the [cell] and [surface] sections) General description 5

Main components of input
In the PHITS simulation, you have to specify the geometry of 3-dimensional virtual space and information of source particles, and then you can tally various quantities by simulating particle motions in the virtual space 　⇒ ①　Geometry 　　　 ②　Source 　　　 ③　Tally Three fundamental components この三大要素をテキストで表現しないといけない。 See sample input “lec01.inp” General description 6

Result of the sample input
track_xz.eps phits.out Version Number Display of the result Summary of the calculation General description 7

Output File phits.out PHITS Logo + Version information Input Echo Echo of the parameters specified in the input file Description of the parameter and its default value is also written Memory status You can check how many memories are used in the calculation Batch information (You will learn about “Batch” in Lecture 3) Summary of PHITS simulation Numbers of events such as source generation and nuclear reaction occurred Information on transported particles Numbers of secondary particles generated CPU time Numbers of library data and reaction models used Error information is usually given in the console Window, but occasionally in the output file! General description 8

Sample input ② Source ① Geometry ③ Tally This consists of 8 sections.
[Title] title comments [Parameters] define parameters [Source] define source [Material] define materials [Surface] define surfaces [Cell] define cells [T-Track] track length tally [End] This consists of 8 sections. ② Source Production of particles lec01.inp ① Geometry Definition of 3D virtual space ③ Tally 　Observation of quantities General description 9

List of “section” General description 10
実際の実験条件を忠実に再現できるように様々なセクションが用意されている。 General description 10

List of tally 興味のある物理量を得ることに適したTally（検出器）が用意されている。 ※ You can set several tallies at once to obtain various information on the particle transport. General description 11

3D virtual space in PHITS
lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so [ C e l l ] This part usually takes the longest time to make an input file 3D virtual space consists of a number of cells defined in the XYZ coordinate space You can use infinite space. But, you have to fill them with certain material (, or define them as void). XYZ座標系（無限に広がる空間） Geometry (General definition) 13

Geometry (General definition)
How to setup geometry You can setup 3D virtual space using GG (General Geometry) or CG(Combinational Geometry) concepts, but only GG concept will be described in this tutorial ! lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so [ C e l l ] Three steps to make geometry 　1）　define material　[Material] section 　2）　define surface　[Surface] section 　3）　define cell　[Cell] section “容れ物”がポイントになります。 Geometry (General definition) 14

Define material Material number, (Atom & density)… lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so [ C e l l ] 1H : 16O = 2 : 1 　　　⇒ H2O（water） Several ways to express material 1H O (Positive density: Atomic ratio) 1H -2.0/ O /18.0 (Negative density: mass ratio) (Atom can be expressed by Z* A) 物質を満たす1 Geometry (General definition) 15

Define surface Surface number, Shape, Parameters Parameters are expressed in the unit of “cm” lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so [ C e l l ] surface of sphere (so) having its center at the origin of the XYZ coordinate system with radius of 10 cm Various types of surfaces can be used in PHITS s, so (Sphere) px, py, pz (plane) cx, cy, cz (cylinder) rpp (rectangular) etc. (see Manual 4.6) 球の骨組み Geometry (General definition) 16

Define cell Cell number, material number, density, surface numbers 100: Cell number 1 : Material number -1. : Material density = 1.0 g/cm3 (If positive, =1024 atoms/cm3) -10 : Inside surface 10 lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so [ C e l l ] 101: Cell number -1 : Outer region (density is not necessary) 10 : Outside surface 10 球の骨組み Geometry (General definition) 17

Confirmation of your geometry
lec01.inp [ P a r a m e t e r s ] icntl = 8 file(6) = phits.out Set 8 when you confirm the geometry Procedure for confirming your geometry Change “icntl” parameter in the [Parameters] section. Execute PHITS See an eps file“track_xz.eps” ここまで。領域の二重定義でエラーが出るはずです。 track_xz.eps Geometry (General definition) 18

Exercise 1 Change the radius of the surface to 20 cm. lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so [ C e l l ] 課題[Surface]セクション半径5cmの球を作ってみよう。 Geometry (General definition) 19

Answers 1 Change the radius of the surface to 20 cm. lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so [ C e l l ] 課題[Surface]セクション半径5cmの球を作ってみよう。 track_xz.eps Is the radius of the sphere 20 cm? Geometry (General definition) 20

Definition of a new surface
Define a surface of a sphere with 5 cm radius and its center in the origin of the XYZ coordinate system. “10” in the 1st line of [Surface] section is “surface number”. Let’s use “11” for new surface number. lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so [ C e l l ] 課題[Cell]セクション半径5cmの球を作ってみよう。 Geometry (General definition) 21

Exercise 2 Add spherical water cell with 5 cm radius to the system. “100” in the 1st line of [Cell] section is “cell number”. Let’s use “102” for new cell number. lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so [ C e l l ] *** *** *** 課題[Cell]セクション半径5cmの球を作ってみよう。 Geometry (General definition) 22

Answer 2 Add spherical water cell with 5 cm radius to the system. lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so [ C e l l ] Some part of cell 100 overlaps cell 102. 　⇒　Overlapped region!! track_xz.eps 課題[Cell]セクション半径5cmの球を作ってみよう。 PHITS always identifies the region where the tracing particle in, so PHITS confuses when one location is defined by more than 2 regions. (geometry error file: xz_track_all.err) Overlapped region is painted in black. Geometry (General definition) 23

Geometry error (undefined region)
You can use infinite space. But, you have to fill them with certain material (or define them as void). 未定義⇔二重定義　おおよそ対をなす言葉。 Undefined region is painted in purple. (There may be cases where the other defined region disappeared.) Geometry (General definition) 24

Geometry error file When a geometry error occurs, PHITS outputs a error file (.err) where information on the error is outputted. track_xz.err x, y, z coordinates where the geometry error occurs. Errors of cell definition in EPS Page No. = 1 Overlapped Cell IDs x, y, z coodinates (Cells indicate undefined region) E E E+00 E E E+00 E E E-01 ・・・・・・・・・・・・ Cell numbers causing the error. 未定義⇔二重定義　おおよそ対をなす言葉。 Even if only one error occurs, many lines are written. Geometry (General definition) 25

Cell definition using Boolean operators
Cell can be defined by surfaces and cells using Boolean operators 　　　　　　example A（+11） A(-11) ブール代数についてのおさらいです。 Geometry (Boolean Operator) 27

Boolean operator （AND）
Cells are basically defined using AND (“blank”). Add ‘+11’ to the definition of the cell 100. (+ can be omissible.) lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so [ C e l l ] ブール代数（積）の表現 track_xz.eps True answer of the 2nd exercise. Inside of “10”and outside of “11” Geometry (Boolean Operator) 28

Boolean operator （NOT）
You can use NOT (“#”) to exclude a region. lec01.inp [ C e l l ] equivalent Rewrite another representation using #. Exclude the region of the cell number 102 from the inside of the surface 10. [ C e l l ] #102 ブール代数（否定）の表現＊Cells are usually defined by using surface numbers, but are also defined by cell numbers with #. Geometry (Boolean Operator) 29

Extension of virtual space
3D virtual space should be wide enough to describe particle transport. Change 20cm to 500cm. lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so [ C e l l ] #102 track_xz.eps Geometry (Boolean Operator) 30

Exercise 3 Where is cell “103” in the right panel?
lec01-3.inp（use this file） [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so 12 sz [ C e l l ] #102 #103 sphere having its center in the XYZ coordinate (0, 0, 11) with radius of 5 cm 課題[Surface]セクション半径5cmの球をもう1つ追加してみよう。 track_xz.eps Geometry (Boolean Operator) 31

Geometry (Boolean Operator)
Answer 3 Where is cell “103” in the right panel? lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so 12 sz [ C e l l ] #102 #103 この他に、sx, (sy,) sz が使用できます。（汎用表現はsでXYZ座標と半径の数値入力が必要となります。）数値を変えることで中心座標と半径を変えることができます。 track_xz.eps sx, sy, sz can be used. Universal expression s is used with the XYZ coordinate of its center and its radius. Geometry (Boolean Operator) 32

Exercise 4 Correct a geometry error. lec01.inp [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so 12 sz [ C e l l ] #102 #103 Change the center of this sphere 球が重なる場合 Expected result track_xz.eps An overlap of the two spheres causes the geometry error (overlapped region). ← Let’s exclude this overlap region from cells 102&103 and create a new cell 104 Geometry (Boolean Operator) 33

Answer 4 Correct a geometry error. lec01.inp [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so 12 sz [ C e l l ] #102 #103 #104 An example of answers 球が重なる場合 track_xz.eps Geometry (Boolean Operator) 34

Boolean operator （OR） lec01.inp [ C e l l ] #102 #103 #104 equivalent [ C e l l ] #(-11 : -12) Boolean operator “OR” is expressed by “:”. ブール代数（和）の表現 NOT(#) is easier to use, but it costs more memories in PC It is better to express cells using “AND” and “OR” operators Geometry (Boolean Operator) 35

Onion geometry onion.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 11 so 12 so 13 so 14 so 15 so [ C e l l ] #101 #101 #102 #101 #102 #103 #101 #102 #103 #104 [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 [ S u r f a c e ] 11 so 12 so 13 so 14 so 15 so [ C e l l ] ミルフィーユ（たまねぎ）体系コード内では、セル番号の否定はすべて展開されています。空間認識に係る負荷は、計算速度に関係してきますので注意が必要です。 A bad example of PHITS input file using unnecessary “#”s → Become time consuming! Geometry (Boolean Operator) 36

Geometry (cell with many surfaces)
How to make a box A box can be defined using 6 planes 《休憩はさむ》直方体を作る。 XYZ座標系はある意味固定されているものなので、空間をぶった切る“平面”の組み合わせで直方体を作ります。 Geometry (cell with many surfaces) 38

Definition of 6 surfaces of cube
lec01.inp y [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so 12 sz 13 px 14 px 15 py 16 py 17 pz 18 pz 5 x z ｐｘ 5.0 立方体の追加立方体の大きさは数値を変化させれば良い。面番号が変わるわけではないので、[Cell]セクションの入力は変わりません。ｐｘ：Perpendicular plane to X-axis Geometry (cell with many surfaces) 39

Exercise 5 Let’s define a rectangular. lec01.inp [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so 12 sz 13 px 14 px 15 py 16 py 17 pz 18 pz [ C e l l ] #102 #103 #104 #105 X axis X=x0 ＋side －side To distinguish between two regions divided by a plane, symbols “+” or “-” are used. 立方体の追加立方体の大きさは数値を変化させれば良い。面番号が変わるわけではないので、[Cell]セクションの入力は変わりません。 Let’s execute PHITS and see the result to confirm whether a cube is correctly defined or not. Geometry (cell with many surfaces) 40

Answer 5 Let’s define a rectangular. lec01.inp [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so 12 sz 13 px 14 px 15 py 16 py 17 pz 18 pz [ C e l l ] #102 #103 #104 #105 立方体の追加立方体の大きさは数値を変化させれば良い。面番号が変わるわけではないので、[Cell]セクションの入力は変わりません。 track_xz.eps Geometry (cell with many surfaces) 41

How to make a cylinder A cylinder can be defined using an infinite cylindrical tube and two planes 円柱を作る。 XYZ座標系はある意味固定されているものなので、円柱と、空間をぶった切る“平面”の組み合わせで円柱を作ります。 Geometry (cell with many surfaces) 42

Exercise 6 Let’s define a cylinder. lec01.inp [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so 12 sz 13 px 14 px 15 py 16 py 17 pz 18 pz 19 cz 20 pz 21 pz [ C e l l ] #102 #103 #104 #105 #106 #106 #106 #106 #106 The inside and outside correspond to “-” and “+” symbols, respectively. 円柱の追加円柱の大きさは、径方向は“19”の数値を、縦方向は平面の数値を変化させれば良い。面番号が変わるわけではないので、[Cell]セクションの入力は変わりません。 Let’s execute PHITS and see the result to confirm whether a cylinder is correctly defined or not. Geometry (cell with many surfaces) 43

Answer 6 Let’s define a cylinder. lec01.inp [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so 12 sz 13 px 14 px 15 py 16 py 17 pz 18 pz 19 cz 20 pz 21 pz [ C e l l ] #102 #103 #104 #105 #106 #106 #106 #106 #106 円柱の追加円柱の大きさは、径方向は“19”の数値を、縦方向は平面の数値を変化させれば良い。面番号が変わるわけではないので、[Cell]セクションの入力は変わりません。 track_xz.eps Geometry (cell with many surfaces) 44

Table of Contents General Description Geometry Source Homework Summary

Macrobody and SimpleGEO
How to make boxes [ S u r f a c e ] 　　　　・ 22 rpp xmin xmax ymin ymax zmin zmax 　 zmax Z xmin Y zmin X xmax ymin ymax How to make cylinders [ S u r f a c e ] 　　　　・ 23 rcc vx vy vz hx hy hz r 　 Radius: r Vector from (vx vy vz) to center coordinate of top face: (hx hy hz) Center coordinate of bottom face: (vx vy vz) Macrobody and SimpleGEO 46

Exercise 7 Let’s define the rectangular by using macro-body. lec01.inp [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so 12 sz $ 13 px $ 14 px $ 15 py $ 16 py $ 17 pz $ 18 pz 19 cz 20 pz 21 pz 22 rpp [ C e l l ] #102 #103 #104 #105 #106 #106 #106 #106 #106 The inside and outside correspond to “-” and “+” symbols, respectively. Let’s confirm the same result as the previous one. Geometry (cell with many surfaces) 47

Answer 7 Let’s define the rectangular by using macro-body. lec01.inp [ S u r f a c e ] 10 so 11 so 12 sz $ 13 px $ 14 px $ 15 py $ 16 py $ 17 pz $ 18 pz 19 cz 20 pz 21 pz 22 rpp [ C e l l ] #102 #103 #104 #105 #106 #106 #106 #106 #106 track_xz.eps Geometry (cell with many surfaces) 48

GUI interface to make geometry of many Monte Carlo codes A free software developed in CERN (registration required*) Simple GEO + Recommendation setting of PHITS (\simplegeo) Macrobody and SimpleGEO 49

How to use SimpleGEO Setup your geometry by placing spheres, rectangles, cylinders etc. Convert the geometry into PHITS input format (only [cell] and [surface] sections), using macro bodies Copy the output geometry and paste into PHITS input file Execute PHITS Import the tally output file into SimpleGEO, and draw the results combined with 3D geometry Examples of SimpleGEO + PHITS results Macrobody and SimpleGEO 50

Geometry (How to add material)
How to add materials Add a new material number and define a composition ratio or isotopic ratio of the material in [material] section. (Density should be given in [cell] section.) gold（density: g/cm3）　　　197Au 100 copper（density: 8.93 g/cm3）　　　 63Cu Cu air（density: 1.20x10-3 g/cm3）　　　14N O 2 polyethylene（density: 0.9 g/cm3）　　　12C H 4 体系の数が多くなったので・・・金（同位体なし）銅（天然存在比）空気（我々の世界ではなくてはならないものだが、コンピューターの世界では1物質）⇔真空ポリエチレン（化学形による比率）←真空0でも良い。 Geometry (How to add material) 52

Exercise 8 Change the material in the cell “106”. Set copper with an isotopic ratio of 63Cu:65Cu = : and its density to be 8.93 g/cm3 Define the material number 2 in [material] section and the material is used in [cell] section. lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 mat[2] ****** ・・・・・・・・・・・・ [ C e l l ] #102 #103 #104 #105 #106 #106 #106 #106 #106 *Each material (number) has own color. Let’s execute PHITS and see the result. 物質を入れ替える。同番号は同色 Geometry (How to add material) 53

Answer 8 Change the material in the cell “106”. Set copper with an isotopic ratio of 63Cu:65Cu = : and its density to be 8.93 g/cm3 Define the material number 2 in [material] section and the material is used in [cell] section. lec01.inp [ M a t e r i a l ] mat[1] 1H 2 16O 1 mat[2] 63Cu Cu ・・・・・・・・・・・・ [ C e l l ] #102 #103 #104 #105 #106 #106 #106 #106 #106 For metal, its isotopic ratio should be given explicitly. 物質を入れ替える。同番号は同色 track_xz.eps Geometry (How to add material) 54

Change the colors lec01.inp [ M a t N a m e C o l o r ] mat name color 1 Water pastelblue 2 Copper darkred You can specify the name and color of each material (number). 物質の色を変える。 track_xz.eps Geometry (How to add material) 55

Color definition Definition in Angel Geometry (How to add material) 56

How to make a void cell lec01.inp [ C e l l ] #102 #103 #104 #105 #106 #106 #106 #106 #106 Material number for void = 0 (Material number for outer region = -1) Density should not be inputted for those cells track_xz.eps 物質を入れ替える。同番号は同色 Geometry (How to add material) 57

Main components of input
In the PHITS simulation, you have to specify the geometry of 3-dimensional virtual space and information of source particles, and then you can tally various quantities by simulating particle motions in the virtual space 　⇒ ①　Geometry 　　　 ②　Source 　　　 ③　Tally [Source] define source 《休憩はさむ》次は[Source]セクション（線源）の話です。 Source 59

Types of sources Radio-Isotope (RI) facilities
　　　→ Point isotropic source Accelerator facilities 　　　→ Pencil or broad beam for certain direction → Cone beam source Radioactive waste and internal exposure → Volume isotropic source Cosmic-ray and external exposure → Isotropic irradiation within certain area 放射状かビーム状に大きく分類されます。（放射線の名の由来通り） Source 60

Definition of sources Shape of source distribution
　　　← select from source volume type (point, cylindrical, spherical etc.) Energy of source particle 　　　← mono-energy or having spectrum Kind of source particle 　　　← neutron, photon, proton, heavy-ion etc. Direction of source particle 　　　← isotropic, directional, cone shape etc. 基本的な3要素になります。 Source 61

Shape and energy of source
lec01.inp [ S o u r c e ] s-type = 1 proj = proton dir = 1.0 r = 0.0 z = 0. z = 0. e = 150 [ S o u r c e ] section 　　: definition of sources s-type:　Define source type 　= 1　　mono-energy, cylindrical shape What information is required in definition of a cylinder? Source 62

Definition of cylinder source
The main direction of PHITS is z-axis. Z-axis r0: radius of cylinder Z1: maximum Z （r1: inner radius） X,Y coordinate of center position: （x0, y0） Z0: minimum Z Source 63

Extension of cylinder source
The main direction of PHITS is z-axis. cylinder Z-axis Circle z0 = z1 Example: z0 = 5.0 z1 = 5.0 Z-axis point z0 = z1, r0 = 0.0 Z-axis Source 64

lec01-9.inp（use this file）
Exercise 9 Execute the transport calculation. lec01-9.inp（use this file） [ P a r a m e t e r s ] icntl = 8 file(6) = phits.out [ P a r a m e t e r s ] icntl = 0 file(6) = phits.out transport calculation Check geometry [ S o u r c e ] s-type = 1 proj = proton dir = 1.0 r = 0. z = 0. z = 0. e = 150 Point source at the origin (0,0,0) サンプルインプットの結果 Source 65

lec01-9.inp（use this file）
Answer 9 Execute the transport calculation. lec01-9.inp（use this file） [ P a r a m e t e r s ] icntl = 0 file(6) = phits.out transport calculation [ S o u r c e ] s-type = 1 proj = proton dir = 1.0 r = 0. z = 0. z = 0. e = 150 Point source at the origin (0,0,0) サンプルインプットの結果 track_xz.eps Source 66

Exercise 10 Let’s make a circle source with a radius of 1cm. lec01.inp
s-type = 1 proj = proton dir = 1.0 r = 　0. z = 0. z = 0. e = 150 課題[Source]セクション Source 67

Answer 10 Let’s make a circle source with a radius of 1cm. lec01.inp
s-type = 1 proj = proton dir = 1.0 r = 　1. z = 0. z = 0. e = 150 課題[Source]セクション The radius of the beam is 1cm. track_xz.eps Source 68

Energy of source lec01.inp s-type = 1 mono-energy, cylindrical shape
proj = proton dir = 1 r = 1.0 z = 0. z = 0. e = 150 s-type = 1 　　mono-energy, cylindrical shape e0:　energy （MeV/u） s-type = 4 　 having energy spectrum, Unit in “MeV/u” You can set any spectrum (see Manual ) Source 69

Kind of source particle
lec01.inp [ S o u r c e ] s-type = 1 proj = proton dir = 1 r = 1.0 z = 0. z = 0. e = 150 proj:　kind of sources You can specify kind of source by ‘symbol’ or ‘kf-code’. When you use radionuclides as sources, you have to set the kind of their emitted particles, such as ‘photon’. Source 70

Exercise 11 Let’s set a neutron source of 100 MeV. lec01.inp Source 71
s-type = 1 proj = proton dir = 1.0 r = 　1. z = 0. z = 0. e = 150 課題[Source]セクション Source 71

Answer 11 Let’s set a neutron source of 100 MeV. lec01.inp Source 72
s-type = 1 proj = neutron dir = 1.0 r = 　1. z = 0. z = 0. e = 100 課題[Source]セクション Neutron can penetrate materials easily. track_xz.eps Source 72

Direction of source particle (polar angle)
The main direction of PHITS is z-axis. Z-axis dir = 1 dir: direction cosine along the z-axis ※ special dir = all　　isotropic source dir = -all isotropic irradiation q degrees dir = cos q *Polar coordinate system Source 73

Direction of source particle (azimuthal angle)
The main direction of PHITS is z-axis. Z-axis phi: angle from x-axis（degree!） dir = cos q, phi = f q degrees f degrees X-axis *Polar coordinate system Source 74

Spread of source beam dom: solid angle（degree!） dom = d d degrees
75

Source direction and parameters
76

Exercise 12 Let’s set a point isotropic source at the XYZ coordinate （0, 0, 10）. lec01.inp [ S o u r c e ] s-type = 1 proj = neutron dir = 1.0 r = 　1. z = 0. z = 0. e = 100 課題[Source]セクション Source 77

Answer 12 Let’s set a point isotropic source at the XYZ coordinate （0, 0, 10）. lec01.inp [ S o u r c e ] s-type = 1 proj = neutron dir = all r = 　0. z = 10. z = 10. e = 100 課題[Source]セクション When s-type=1, you can set a isotropic source by dir=all. track_xz.eps Source 78

Summary The main components of PHITS input file are “Geometry”, “Source” and “Tally” “Geometry” is defined by [material], [surface] and [cell] sections, and you can define various 3D shapes based on the GG concept “Source” is defined by shape, kind, energy and direction of source particles “Tally” is used for specifying what kind of quantities you have to deduced from the PHITS simulation 《休憩はさむ》まとめ You will learn more about “Tally” in phits-lec02-en.ppt Summary 80

Home work (Geometry) Make a cylinder with a 20 cm diameter and a 50 cm height filled with water. The outside of the cylinder is void Confirm the geometry X-axis Y-axis Z-axis R-axis 3D space 宿題（3次元体系） Start with “Phits\lecture\homework\homework.inp” Homework 82

Homework (source) Set proton beam of 290 MeV/u with a 2.5 cm radius, and incident the beam to the bottom of the cylinder Execute the transport calculation X-axis Y-axis Z-axis R-axis source 宿題（線源） Homework 83

Basic Lecture I: Geometry and Source Definition

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Basic Lecture I: Geometry and Source Definition

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Presentation on theme: "Basic Lecture I: Geometry and Source Definition"— Presentation transcript:

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About project

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