1. Speaking Persuasively

2. AV Aids & Props Guidelines for the Ethical Use of Evidence

3. AV Aids & Props 1.Provide evidence from credible sources.

4. AV Aids & Props 2. Identify your sources of evidence

5. AV Aids & Props 3. Use evidence that can be verified by experts

6. AV Aids & Props 4. Be sure that such evidence has not been corrupted

7. AV Aids & Props 5. Acknowledge disagreements among experts

8. AV Aids & Props 6. Do not withhold important information

9. AV Aids & Props 7. Use expert testimony to establish facts

10. AV Aids & Props 7B. Use prestige testimony to enhance credibility

11. AV Aids & Props 7C. Use lay testimony to create identification

12. AV Aids & Props 8. Quote or paraphrase accurately and in context

13. Common fallacies in logic A. The slippery slope: arguing that one bad thing will lead to many

14. Common fallacies in logic B. Confusing fact and opinion: asserting opinions as if they were facts

15. Common fallacies in logic C. The Red Herring: Distracting listeners with irrelevant information

16. Common fallacies in logic D. The Myth of the Mean: using a statistical average to hide a problem

17. Common fallacies in logic E. Flawed Statistical Comparison: using percentage increases or decreases in a misleading way

18. Common fallacies in logic F. The Ad Hominem fallacy: attacking people instead of issues

19. Common fallacies in logic G. Begging the Question: assuming as a done deal what has not yet been proven

20. Common fallacies in logic H. The Shaky Principle: Basing an argument on an unsound assumption

21. Common fallacies in logic I. Omitted qualifiers: confusing probability with certainty by leaving out conditions

22. Common fallacies in logic J. The Post Hoc fallacy: assuming that event A causes event B just because B follows A

23. Common fallacies in logic K. The Hasty Generalization: drawing conclusions based on insufficient or non- representative observations

24. Common fallacies in logic L. The Non Sequitur: reasoning in which principles are unrelated to each other or to the conclusion

25. Common fallacies in logic M.The faulty analogy: comparing things that are dissimilar in significant ways

26. Common fallacies in logic N. The Either-Or Fallacy: suggesting to listeners that they have only two options

27. Common fallacies in logic O. The Straw Man fallacy: belittling or trivializing otherwise convincing arguments

28. Advantages of Using Presentation Aids 6. They add variety and interest. McGuire’s Five Steps to Persuasion

29. Advantages of Using Presentation Aids 6. They add variety and interest. Awareness

30. Advantages of Using Presentation Aids 6. They add variety and interest. Understanding

31. Advantages of Using Presentation Aids 6. They add variety and interest. Agreement

32. Advantages of Using Presentation Aids 6. They add variety and interest. Enactment

33. Advantages of Using Presentation Aids 6. They add variety and interest. Integration

34. AV Aids & Props Winning over a reluctant audience

35. AV Aids & Props Establish goodwill & Identification early

36. AV Aids & Props Start with areas of agreement

37. AV Aids & Props Emphasize explanation over argument

38. AV Aids & Props Cite authorities your audience will respect

39. AV Aids & Props Set Modest Goals for Change

40. AV Aids & Props Make a multisided approach

41. The Innoculation Effect Arming your audience with the information and arguments that will help them withstand the arguments of opponents

42. Advantages of Using Presentation Aids 6. They add variety and interest. Remind listeners what is at stake Moving an Audience to Action

43. Advantages of Using Presentation Aids 6. They add variety and interest. Provide a clear, specific plan of action Moving an Audience to Action

44. Advantages of Using Presentation Aids 6. They add variety and interest. Visualize the consequences of acting or not acting Moving an Audience to Action

45. Advantages of Using Presentation Aids 6. They add variety and interest. Demonstrate that you practice what you preach Moving an Audience to Action

46. Advantages of Using Presentation Aids 6. They add variety and interest. Ask for a public commitment (think altar call) Moving an Audience to Action

47. Advantages of Using Presentation Aids 6. They add variety and interest. Make it easy for your audience to take the first step; people do not change easily Moving an Audience to Action