1. Magnetic properties of SmFeAsO 1-x F x superconductors for 0.15 ≤ x ≤ 0.2 G. Prando 1,2, P. Carretta 1, A. Lascialfari 1, A. Rigamonti 1, S. Sanna 1, L. Romanò 3, A. Palenzona 4, M. Putti 4, M. Tropeano 4 1 Department of Physics “A.Volta”, University of Pavia, I-27100, Pavia (Italy) – CNISM, u.d.r. Pavia 2 Department of Physics “E.Amaldi”, University of Roma Tre, I-00146, Roma (Italy) 3 Department of Physics, University of Parma, I-43100, Parma (Italy) – CNISM, u.d.r. Parma 4 Department of Physics, University of Genova, I-16146, Genova (Italy) – CNR/INFM-LAMIA e-mail: prando@fisicavolta.unipv.it

2. Abstract The recent discovery of high-T c superconductivity in Fe-based oxypnictides has renewed the interest in the study of the interplay between superconductivity and magnetism in layered materials. We performed static magnetization and 19 F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on loose powder samples of superconducting SmFeAsO 1-x F x (x = 0.15 and x = 0.2). Our results indicate that: the low-energy excitations of the magnetic Sm 3+ sublattice are not directly involved in the pairing mechanisms leading to the superconducting state. the 4f electrons of Sm 3+ ions are coupled to a sea of weakly itinerant and antiferromagnetically (AF) interacting fermions.

3. Fe-based pnictides: the 1111-phase SmO(F)tri-layer FeAstri-layer Sm SmFeAsO 1-x F x is composed of insulating tri-layers of Sm-O-Sm alternating metallic tri-layers of As-Fe-As. Sm 3+ ions have incomplete electronic shells leading to net magnetic moments. For one F - ion replacing one O 2- ion the injection of an electron into the Fe-As layers is obtained. x < 0.07 : magnetic behaviour characterized by a transition to a spin density wave (SDW) phase. x > 0.1 : superconductivity confined onto the As-Fe-As tri-layers. T c (x) depends very smoothly on x. AF ordering of Sm 3+ ions at T ≈ 5K. 0.07 < x < 0.1 : properties still under debate [1].

4. Magnetization measurements Analysis of SC fluctuations above Tc Precursor diamagnetism characterized by an upturn field (H UP ≈ 200 – 300 Oe) in the isothermal fluctuative contributions. The behaviour of H UP vs. T (see inset) is reminescent of the anomalous diamagnetic contributions (superimposed to the conventional Ginzburg-Landau terms) already observed in underdoped samples of cuprate materials. Dashed lines (fitting curves): hypothesis that small stable superconducting droplets lacking of phase coherence appear already above T c. Estimate of the bulk T c x = 0.15 : broad superconducting (SC) transition. Low contribution of magnetic impurities. x = 0.2 : sharper SC transition. The effect of magnetic impurities causes the difference between zero-field cooled (ZFC) and field- cooled (FC) curves above T c.

5. 19 F-NMR linewidth, shift and relaxation rate NMR linewidth Increase at T < T c due to both dynamical 1/T 2 processes and spatial modulation of the magnetic field as induced by the fluxoids lattice. Increase at T < T c due to both dynamical 1/T 2 processes and spatial modulation of the magnetic field as induced by the fluxoids lattice. Fluxoids contribution possibly implies motional narrowing effects due to the liquid phase of the vortices lattice [3]. Fluxoids contribution possibly implies motional narrowing effects due to the liquid phase of the vortices lattice [3]. Direct comparison with the μ + SR linewidth σ in the x = 0.2 sample [1]: unexplained huge difference of values. Further examinations are planned in order to investigate the details of such a discrepancy. Direct comparison with the μ + SR linewidth σ in the x = 0.2 sample [1]: unexplained huge difference of values. Further examinations are planned in order to investigate the details of such a discrepancy.

6. Nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T 1 is unaffected by the transition to the SC phase, being possibly entirely driven by the low-energy fluctuations of the magnetic moments associated with the Sm 3+ ions. 1/T 1 is unaffected by the transition to the SC phase, being possibly entirely driven by the low-energy fluctuations of the magnetic moments associated with the Sm 3+ ions. 1/T 1 vs. T is fairly well described by a power-law over the entire explored range independently of the sample and of the magnetic field. 1/T 1 vs. T is fairly well described by a power-law over the entire explored range independently of the sample and of the magnetic field. The picture Sm 3+ moments decoupled from the Fermi sea is not satisfactory. Interpretation of the results: 4f electrons of the rare-earth ions are weakly delocalized and develop AF correlations. 4f electrons of the rare-earth ions are weakly delocalized and develop AF correlations. Moriya’s theory of magnetic relaxation in weakly itinerant metals is valid. Moriya’s theory of magnetic relaxation in weakly itinerant metals is valid. The magnetic correlation length follows the The magnetic correlation length follows theproportionality Similar trends have already been observed in some heavy fermions systems characterized by antiferromagnetic ground states, like CeCu 6-x Au x [4].

7. Shift in resonance frequency Negative paramagnetic shift ΔK strictly obeing a Curie-Weiss-like trend. Negative paramagnetic shift ΔK strictly obeing a Curie-Weiss-like trend. Direct comparison with susceptibility data: value of the scalar hyperfine coupling A hyp between the magnetic moments associated with Sm 3+ ions and the NMR probes, namely the 19 F nuclei. Direct comparison with susceptibility data: value of the scalar hyperfine coupling A hyp between the magnetic moments associated with Sm 3+ ions and the NMR probes, namely the 19 F nuclei.

8. References [1] S. Sanna et al., Phys. Rev. B 80 052503 (2009) [2] A. Lascialfari et al., Phys. Rev. B 65 144523 (2002) [3] P. Carretta et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 68 1236 (1992) [4] P. Carretta et al., Phys. Rev. B 68 220404 (2003)