1. Charlotte Bate Anika Bergen

2.  Study of Prehistoric Earthquakes  Prehistoric: Before recorded history SEISMOLOGY

4.  United States & Co.  Europe  China/Middle East 150 450 Wasatch Fault (Utah) 400 - 500 1000+ Teton Range Fault Zone (Wyoming) 100 000+

5. EVIDENCE SECONDARY PRIMARY Tectonic deformation from coseismic slip Result of: -Earthquake shaking -Erosional and depositional consequences of shaking 1

6. PRIMARY ON-FAULT OFF-FAULT COSEISMIC POSTSEISMIC COSEISMIC 2 3

7. EVIDENCE GEOMORPHIC -Landforms STRATIGRAPHIC -Deposits -Structures

8. OLDER BRACKETING YOUNGER FEATURE

9.  Hazard Assessment COMPLEX

10. PRIMARY SECONDARY HISTORICAL EARTHQUAKES /

12. Pink dots represent epicenters of earthquakes since 1974. Black crosses represent large earthquakes in the area.

14. Sand blows appear as white deposits in a variety of shapes and sizes. Sand blows in the NMSZ could be as large as 10 000 square kilometers.

16. Layering within the dike and the sill indicate that liquefied sand travelled to the surface on multiple occasions.

17. Archeological artifacts found in the NMSZ. Archeological artifacts and radiocarbon dating help put time constraints on the sand blows.

18. B: Average recurrence of earthquakes in the area is 500 years.

19. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ksaHZy2JHK0