1. America at the Turn of the Century
SS5H3
The student will describe how life changed in America at the turn of the century.

2. The end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th marks a time known as the turn of the century.
Time of great change
People moved west to claim land and seek opportunities
US took more and more land away from the Native Americans, territory became available for white settlers.
These settlers became farmers, miners, or ranchers
The Turn of the Century

3. Native Americans in the late 1800’s
The US moved Native Americans from their land many times.
This caused several wars to break out between the US Army and Native Americans.
The US usually won because it was stronger and had more advanced weapons.
Native Americans had a few victories; the largest being Battle of Little Bighorn.
Native Americans in the late 1800’s

4. Battle of Little Bighorn
1876
George Armstrong Custer thought he could surprise and defeat a band of Sioux warriors.
Custer had only a few hundred men while the Sioux had thousands.
After rushing recklessly into battle, the Sioux quickly surrounded and killed them.
The battle became known as Custer’s Last Stand.
It was the last major victory for Native Americans.
By the end of the 1800’s, the US controlled all the land between Mexico and Canada, stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.
Battle of Little Bighorn

5. Cowboys and Cattle Drives
Cowboys became legendary figures in the late 1800’s.
Cowboys drove large herds of cattle from ranches to towns and markets where they could be shipped and sold.
Cattle drives- journeys taken to drive herds to market
Many of these cowboys were African American. These men were freed slaves who made their way west following the Civil War.
Black Cowboys were common in places like Texas.
Cowboys and Cattle Drives

6. A number of cattle trails developed during the late 1800’s.

7. The Chisholm Trail ran from Texas , north through Oklahoma and into Kansas. Texas cowboys used it to drive herds to Kansas towns where the cattle could be loaded onto trains and shipped east to market.
The Chisholm Trail

8. The Great Western Cattle Trail
The Great Western Cattle Trail ran from Texas to Kansas, ending in Dodge City. Cowboys relied on this trail to get their herd to railway stations so that the cattle could be transported by train.
The Great Western Cattle Trail

9. Cattle Trails Why did they develop?
Ranchers needed to get the cattle to the railroads in Kansas, Nebraska, and Missouri
Cattle were worth much more in the North and East.
“Cow Towns”
Towns located near railroads to ship cattle.
Cattle Trails

10. The End of the Cattle Drives
By the end of the 1800’s, land owners began using barbed wire to fence their property making it hard to drive cattle across large open plains
Railroad owners constructed more and more railways ending the need for long drives to get to train stations.
The cowboy days ended by the early 1900’s.
The End of the Cattle Drives

11. Inventions and Innovations

12. Inventors of the airplane
The Wright Brothers

13. Alexander Graham Bell *Scientist *Inventor *Invented the telephone
A form of communication
that was introduced in the 19th century and is still widely used today.
Alexander Graham Bell

14. Thomas Edison Inventor *Invented the light bulb The light bulb changed
American economy by making it easier for businesses to operate at night.
Thomas Edison

15. George Washington Carver
Former slave
Chemist
Developed products
from the peanut
His discovery had the greatest impact on the South.
George Washington Carver