1. 5. 07 Field Trip to Apennines, Italy 1st – 11th May 2010 Leader: Dr Alex Whittaker 1st – 11th May 2010 Leader: Dr Alex Whittaker

2. Demonstrators Dr Jon Hill (Imperial) Dr Gillian McCay (Edinburgh) Grace Cairns (Imperial) Nikolas Michael (Imperial) Dr Jon Hill (Imperial) Dr Gillian McCay (Edinburgh) Grace Cairns (Imperial) Nikolas Michael (Imperial)

3. Itinerary 1 May: Coach departs RSM, 6am. Meet at Stansted airport departures lounge, flight FR 124, depart 09.55. Arrive Ancona 13.10, drive to Sigillo, overnight at Hotel Dominus 3 days on the thrust belt and its synorogenic sediments, Mesozoic passive margin and deformation, based at Scheggia Move to Perugia (2 nights) via famous K-T boundary at Gubbio. 1 day on “Tuscan flysch” Drive to Piombino and ferry to Elba - igneous intrusions, oceanic sediments/lavas and deformation of Elba island (3 nights) 20 May: Depart Elba by ferry, driver to Pisa, depart Pisa airport FR 589 at 22.15, arrive Stansted 23.30; Coach transfer to RSM 1 May: Coach departs RSM, 6am. Meet at Stansted airport departures lounge, flight FR 124, depart 09.55. Arrive Ancona 13.10, drive to Sigillo, overnight at Hotel Dominus 3 days on the thrust belt and its synorogenic sediments, Mesozoic passive margin and deformation, based at Scheggia Move to Perugia (2 nights) via famous K-T boundary at Gubbio. 1 day on “Tuscan flysch” Drive to Piombino and ferry to Elba - igneous intrusions, oceanic sediments/lavas and deformation of Elba island (3 nights) 20 May: Depart Elba by ferry, driver to Pisa, depart Pisa airport FR 589 at 22.15, arrive Stansted 23.30; Coach transfer to RSM

4. Transect across a mountain belt and its associated basins

6. What we see…. Structural Geology Contractional deformation

7. What we see…. Extensional deformation Structural Geology

8. What we see…. Sediments carbonates, fluvial deposits and turbidites Sediments carbonates, fluvial deposits and turbidites

9. What we see…. Igneous and Metamorphic Monte Capanne Pluton Punto Zuccale Pillow Basalts Schists Intrusives Geology of Elba

13. Oh no!

14. Aim of trip Idea is to produce an integrated geological history of the Apennines from field observations Not just about interpreting outcrops as moderately diverting but ultimately random bits of rock….. Idea is to produce an integrated geological history of the Apennines from field observations Not just about interpreting outcrops as moderately diverting but ultimately random bits of rock…..

15. Tectonic setting of the Apennines  Shortening and extension in the Western Mediterranean

16. From Faccenna et al. Tectonics 2004 8.1 7.3 6 5.6

17. Vignaroli et al. 2008 Crustal scale section - approx. along transect of field trip

18. Anticlines of Umbria-Marche Modern thrust front of the Northern Apennines

19. From Platt, J Geol. Soc. London 2007

20. From Lonergan & White, Tectonics, 1997

21. Pecerillo & Donati (2002) Young volcanism in Italy

22. From Lonergan & White, Tectonics, 1997

24. From Lonergan & White, Tectonics, 1997 Explanation

27. Extension in the Apennines Now active extension; up to 6mm/yr stretching Whittaker et al., 2008

28. Extensional deformation

29. Extensional deformation in the Apennines Extension drives deformation –due to eastward movement of rising aesthenospheric plume in Tyrrhenian Sea Continuous eastward thrusting of crust drives deformation (extension is minor) Extension and shortening driven by roll- back of subducting slab? Extension drives deformation –due to eastward movement of rising aesthenospheric plume in Tyrrhenian Sea Continuous eastward thrusting of crust drives deformation (extension is minor) Extension and shortening driven by roll- back of subducting slab?

31. Timing of deformation and volcanism Timing of Thrusting Timing of Thrusting

33. W E Contractional basins Extensional basins volcanism Pauselli et al. 2006

34. Key Questions: What field data can be observed that support or distinguish between these hypotheses? What implications does the dynamic history of the Apennines have for the timing, locus and style of sedimentation? How does the igneous and metamorphic geology of Elba fit with the evolution of the Apennine belt? What do the Apennines tell us about the growth and collapse of mountain belts generally? Requires synthesis and integration of structural geology, sedimentology, stratigraphy, igneous geology, metamorphic studies What field data can be observed that support or distinguish between these hypotheses? What implications does the dynamic history of the Apennines have for the timing, locus and style of sedimentation? How does the igneous and metamorphic geology of Elba fit with the evolution of the Apennine belt? What do the Apennines tell us about the growth and collapse of mountain belts generally? Requires synthesis and integration of structural geology, sedimentology, stratigraphy, igneous geology, metamorphic studies

35. Routine Field visits during day (4 x 9-seater minivans). Fieldwork tasks include: sketching, structural measurements, logging, sedimentology, petrology etc Evening work will include: discussion sessions, seminars and group presentations and structural/cross section work. This takes place between 6.45 and 8pm, BEFORE dinner. Field visits during day (4 x 9-seater minivans). Fieldwork tasks include: sketching, structural measurements, logging, sedimentology, petrology etc Evening work will include: discussion sessions, seminars and group presentations and structural/cross section work. This takes place between 6.45 and 8pm, BEFORE dinner.

36. Assessment At least two main assessed components: 1) Field notebook, including large-scale sketches 2) Synthesis group presentations, conducted on the Isle of Elba e.g: “Extensional faulting in the Apennines; observations and interpretations....” At least two main assessed components: 1) Field notebook, including large-scale sketches 2) Synthesis group presentations, conducted on the Isle of Elba e.g: “Extensional faulting in the Apennines; observations and interpretations....”

37. Logistics We will buy lunches (supplies at supermarkets). All evening meals, except for two are provided. Breakfasts provided for all days, but note that breakfasts in Italy are not as plentiful as in the UK, so do not expect cereal and lots of bread. Please make sure you have filled in the medical/personal information form and returned this to Liz Swift; We also require information on any dietary requirements on this form. Make sure you bring your own medical supplies. In early May the weather can be very variable in Italy. For the first part of the trip we stay in the mountains - bring warm and waterproof clothing, but also sun screen, hats and sunglasses etc for warm weather. A towel is required for the Youth Hostel in Perugia We will buy lunches (supplies at supermarkets). All evening meals, except for two are provided. Breakfasts provided for all days, but note that breakfasts in Italy are not as plentiful as in the UK, so do not expect cereal and lots of bread. Please make sure you have filled in the medical/personal information form and returned this to Liz Swift; We also require information on any dietary requirements on this form. Make sure you bring your own medical supplies. In early May the weather can be very variable in Italy. For the first part of the trip we stay in the mountains - bring warm and waterproof clothing, but also sun screen, hats and sunglasses etc for warm weather. A towel is required for the Youth Hostel in Perugia

38. Please remember.... Passport, European Health Insurance Card, any special medical or dietary needs, cash To bring/pick up:- hardhat, field guidebook, fluorescent vest, HP tablet (shared) and cable Be sure to bring:- field notebook (+A4 sketching pad), compass-clinometer, digital camera, hand lens, pens, pencils, crayons You don’t really need a hammer Passport, European Health Insurance Card, any special medical or dietary needs, cash To bring/pick up:- hardhat, field guidebook, fluorescent vest, HP tablet (shared) and cable Be sure to bring:- field notebook (+A4 sketching pad), compass-clinometer, digital camera, hand lens, pens, pencils, crayons You don’t really need a hammer