1. Israel, Palestine, and Jordan The Holy Lands Chapter 25

2. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 2

3. 3 The Holy Lands Islamic religion dominates region Early civilization & 3 major religions  Judaism, Christianity, Islam  Israel Homeland of Jewish religion Home of Christ  Jerusalem Mohammed’s ascension

4. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 4 The Holy Lands (cont.) Pilgrimages Major tourist attractions  Historical sites  Archaeological sites Population concentrations reflect water availability Oil War, terrorism & religious fanaticism

5. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 5 Travelling Safely to the Middle East Check Canadian Travel Advisories www.voyage.gc.ca as of 07/06: www.voyage.gc.ca Canadians should pay particular attention to current safety and security conditions Must carry passport at all times as a form of identification Must evaluate carefully the implications for security and safety Canadians are advised against all travel to the West Bank and Gaza

6. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 6 How Travellers Get There Airlines  El Al LYIsrael  Royal Jordanian RJ Jordan Via US or Europe Airports  TLVTel Aviv  AMMAmman Cruise  Mediterranean cruises may stop at Haifa

7. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 7 Getting Around Escorted Tours are best mode of travelling in these countries Taxis in cities Bus system good in Israeli cities Cars with drivers Car rentals not suggested

8. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 8 When To Go North Spring & fall  Most pleasant Winter  Tourist season  Cool & rainy Sandstorms  Spring & summer South Hot desert region

9. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 9 Cityscape Mosque – focal point  Faithful bow 5 times daily toward Mecca  Fridays are the Sabbath Synagogue  Shabbat (Friday nights and Saturdays). Bazaar  Each section specializes in one category  Closest to mosque are merchants selling articles necessary for worship  Streets narrow because Koran did not provide for public space greater than a laden camel passing  Interior oriented architecture

10. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 10 Israel Jerusalem - capital Tel Aviv Shekel 82% Jewish Peak season Mar–Jul & Dec Hebrew official also Arabic West Bank, Gaza Strip, Golan Heights  Palestine self governing  Canadian passport holders must apply in writing and in person at crossing points for permission to enter the West Bank, Gaza

11. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 11 Jerusalem “ The most holy city in the world” Dome of the Rock  Ascension of Mohammed  Site of Temple Mount  Well of Souls Solomon's Temple  Built 957BC - Destroyed 586BC  Second Temple 515BC  Western Wall – only remaining part of temple

12. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 12 Jerusalem (cont.) Wailing Wall  Traditional Jewish prayer wall Church of the Holy Sepulchre  Site of the crucifixion, burial and resurrection of Christ  5 Stations of the Cross Via Dolorosa  Street in Old City  Path that Jesus walked on the way to crucifixion  Marked by 9 of 14 Stations of the Cross

13. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 13 Jerusalem (cont.) Damascus Gate  Ancient gate into Old City Israel Museum  Dead Sea Scrolls Fragments of documents discovered in 11 caves on the shores of the Dead Sea Yad Vashem  Museum of the Holocaust - world’s largest repository of information on the Holocaust; education, research commemoration, and documentation

14. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 14 Jerusalem (cont.) The Synagogue of the Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center  Chagall windows 12 Windows – 12 sons of Jacob Twelve Tribes of Israel Mount of Olives Hill has been one of the main burial grounds for the city Olive trees  Garden of Gethsemane Bottom of slope  Church of Mary Magdalene

15. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 15 Jerusalem (cont.) Mt Zion  Tomb of King David  Upper Room Last Supper  Chamber of the Holocaust Private memorial to 6 million Jews slain by Nazis – open for visitors  Dormition Abbey Alleged site of Virgin Mary’s final resting place

16. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 16 Outside Jerusalem Jericho ( West Bank)  oldest city in the world  Jordan River  Thriving market & resort area  Archaeological remains 7th century palace Ancient synagogue

17. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 17 Outside Jerusalem (cont.) Bethlehem (West Bank)  Birthplace of King David  Birthplace of Jesus Basilica of he Nativity Masada  Mountain 900 Jews kept 10,000 Roman soldiers at bay for more than a year Cable car or hiking path to top Views of Dead Sea & Judean Desert

18. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 18 Tel Aviv The city that never sleeps  “big orange”  Founded in 1909  Beaches Tel Aviv Museum of Art  Israeli & international artists Independence Hall  House that Independence was declared in -1948

19. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 19 Tel Aviv (cont.) Jaffa  Port  Jonah & the whale  Richard the Lion-Hearted built citadel  Flea market

20. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 20 Haifa Israel’s 3 rd largest city Cruise port Mt Carmel  Elijah won victory  Cave of Elijah  Shelter to Holy Family  Sacred to Jews, Christians, Muslims & Druze All believe in the prophet Elijah Baha’i Shrine & Gardens  Centre of Baha’i faith believe in unity of all religions

21. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 21 Nazareth & Sea of Galilee Nazareth  City of Jesus’ boyhood  Basilica of the Annunciation Home of Virgin Mary Announcement of the birth of Christ Largest church in the Middle East  Nazareth Village full-scale recreation of first-century Nazareth

22. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 22 Sea of Galilee Cana  Jesus turned water into wine at a Jewish wedding Capernaum  Fishing village mentioned in New Testament – Luke & Matthew Tiberias  Jewish & Christian history Acre ( Akko)  www.planetware.com/tourist-attractions/israel/acre-isr-nr-ak.htm www.planetware.com/tourist-attractions/israel/acre-isr-nr-ak.htm  Crusader’s Maritime Capital Safed www.safed.co.il www.safed.co.il  Synagogues and artists’ colony

23. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 23 Eilat and Red Sea Leading tourist city in Israel Beaches, first rate hotels Watersports Coral reefs World class diving Desert treks – Red Mountains Camel tours Swimming with dolphins

24. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 24 Negev Desert “Negev" in Hebrew means south. comprises 66%, over 13,000km² of Israel Triangular  resort town of Eilat - southern apex  Beer Sheva as northern base  east Wadi Arabah Arid and semi-arid climate

25. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 25 Dead Sea  Lowest point on earth 417 m below sea level.  Hour drive from Jerusalem  Joins Israel & Jordan  Saltiest & most mineral laden body of water  Buoyancy & warmth – everyone floats!  Source of cosmetic black mud

26. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 26 Accommodations - Resorts Netanya www.inisrael.com/netanya/index.html Clean sea shores Wide selection of hotels, restaurants & entertainment Located between Haifa and Tel Aviv Herzliya ( Hersliya Pituach) North of Tel Aviv Many beachfront hotels Sunbathing & matkot ( ping-pong)

27. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 27 Jordan www.visitjordan.com www.visitjordan.com Amman  Capital on 19 hills  Citadel Temple of Hercules Omayyad Palace Byzantine Church 6000 seat Roam Theatre

28. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 28 Jordan (cont.) www.visitjordan.com www.visitjordan.com Bethany Home of John the Baptist Mt Nemo Moses’ death & burial Karak Citadel built by crusaders Most massive & best preserved Jerash Roman Colonial city - 6500 years One of best preserved Roman towns  Streets, temples, theatres, baths, fountains & plazas

29. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 29 Jordan (cont.) Madaba Dates 2000 – 1500 BC S. of Amman Medaba Map – 25 x 5 metre map 15 C ago Kings Highway 5000 year old route Wadi Rum www.distantheat.com Annual Pop & Dance event Climbers & hikers

30. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 30 Petra “Rose City” 3hrs south of Amman 2,000 yr Nabataen capital carved into rock Desert canyon Indiana Jones & the Last Crusade Only reached by walking, donkey or horse down the canyon

31. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 31 Accommodations Israel Kibbutz  Collective communities  Emersion into culture King David Hotel – Jerusalem  Built in 1930 by British  VIPs stay here Herod’s Sheraton Resort & Spa - Eilat  1999 – public areas most spectacular Petra  Movenpick Entrance to National Park Roof top café  Taybet Zeman Hotel Bedouin village turned into resort Unique Bedouin charm