1. AMPHIBIANS Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Animals with a backbone

2. Phylum Chordata Classes: –Amphibia –Reptilia –Aves –Chondrichthyes –Osteichthyes –Mammalia

3. General Characteristics It is an animal in Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Chordata, Class Amphibia Most lay eggs in WATER. ECTOTHERMIt is an ECTOTHERM – body temperature is determined by environment (opposite = Endotherm)

4. Salamander vs. Newt

5. Which one is an amphibian?

6. Toad vs. Frog What’s the difference?

7. Life Cycle Begin life as an Egg mass (Eggs are Moist, not Hard) Go through Metamorphosis Egg to Tadpole to Tadpole frog to Young frog to Adult frog External Fertilization

8. Respiratory System Begin their lives with gills and most end their lives with lungs. Some can breathe through their skin – their skin is permeable (allowing materials to flow in the frog to out of frog) So…how does the oxygen get in our blood?

9. Let’s take a look at Humans… 4 chambered heart Very efficient Let’s label… –Right ventricle –Left ventricle –Right Atria –Left Atria –Aorta –To lungs (not oxygenated) –From lungs (oxygenated) –To body (oxygenated) –From body (not oxygenated)

10. Cardiovascular System Frogs have a 3 chambered heart Consisting of 2 atria and 1 ventricle. Lungs help to oxygenate the blood and also take out carbon dioxide

11. Digestive System Mouth – break down of food Gullet Esophagus Stomach – break down of food Small intestine – food is digested and absorbed Liver makes bile; gall bladder stores bile Pancreas secretes enzymes to break down food Large intestine – water is absorbed Cloaca – excretes exit

12. Digestive System Accessory organs help to digest food Liver – makes bile Gall bladder – stores bile Pancreas – secretes enzymes to help with digestion

13. Excretory System Kidneys – remove toxins from blood Toxins travel through the ureter (tube) until it reaches the bladder. Bladder holds the urine until it is excreted through the cloaca.

14. Importance Amphibians help us to monitor the environment Check the handout for more information

15. Frog Malformations