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Published byDwain Carr Modified over 9 years ago
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Physical Properties of Metals, Non-Metals, and Metalloids
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Physical Properties Definition: Properties that can be observed without making any chemical changes to the substance. Determined by the atomic structure of the substance and the strength of the bonds.
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Examples that could be easily observed in your classrooms: – Color – not always diagnostic, but sometimes can be – Luster – how the light reflects off the surface of a substance. – Malleability – the ability of a substance to be deformed under compressive stress. – Density – mass/unit volume. – Conductivity – the ability of the substance to transmit electricity or heat.
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Color
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Luster Non-MetallicMetallic
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Malleability
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Density
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Conductivity
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Metals vs. Non-metals MetalsNon-metals ColorGold, silver, copper, pyrite, some others show characteristic colors; always opaque Wide variety of colors or colorless; sometimes transparent or translucent LusterMetallic luster: think coins and jewelry; shiny or rusty Non-metallic luster: can be shiny, but looks like glass, not metal. Often dull. MalleabilityCan be hammered or rolled into various shapesWill shatter if hammered DensityUsually heavy for its size: think lead and goldAverage or light density – rarely heavy ConductivityWill conduct cold or heat; will conduct electricity when solid Will not conduct cold, heat, or electricity well.
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Metalloids B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po (a diagonal between the metals and the non-metals on the Periodic Table of the Elements) Can have properties of metals or non-metals, depending upon allotrope, temperature conditions, presence of an electric field, or other conditions. Often used as semi-conductors in electrical applications. Cannot be easily identified by your students.
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For More Information, IRC: Physical Properties of Metals, Non-metals, and Metalloids
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