1. Introductory Overview

2. The National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, MD

3. The National Center for Biotechnology Information
Bethesda,MD
Created in 1988 as a part of the
National Library of Medicine at NIH
Establish public databases
Research in computational biology
Develop software tools for sequence analysis
Disseminate biomedical information

4. What does NCBI do? NCBI accepts submissions of primary data
NCBI develops tools to analyze these data
NCBI uses these tools to create derivative databases based on the primary data
NCBI provides free search, link, and retrieval of these data, primarily through the Entrez system

5. The National Center for Biotechnology Information
Created as a part of NLM in 1988
Establish public databases
Perform research in computational biology
Develop software tools for sequence analysis
Disseminate biomedical information

6. What is Entrez? A system of 31 linked databases A text search engine
A tool for finding biologically linked data
A retrieval engine
A virtual workspace for manipulating large datasets

7. The Entrez System at NCBI

8. Number of Users and Hits Per Day
NCBI, Currently averaging
15,000,000 to 50,000,000
hits per day!
The number refers to NCBI, the bulk of the hits and users just uses PubMed
Christmas &
New Year’s Days

9. Sunday ~6 million hits/day
PubMed Hits for March 2005
PubMed averages
10,000,000 to 13,000,000
hits per day!
graph_hits.png
Bar chart shows data from last month
Line graphs show historical data for comparisons:
 2 months ago (thick solid line); 3 months ago (solid line); 4 months ago (dashed line); 5 months ago (dotted line)
Saturday &
Sunday ~6 million hits/day

10. Countries of Origin

11. The (ever expanding) Entrez System
PubChem
NLM Catalog
Entrez
PopSet
Structure
PubMed
Books
3D Domains
Taxonomy
GEO/GDS
UniGene
Nucleotide
Protein
Genome
OMIM
CDD/CDART
Journals
SNP
UniSTS
PubMed Central
Gene
HomoloGene
Protein
Sequence/Structure
Compounds
BioAssays
Genome
Sequence/Structure
Substances
Literature
Organism
Expression
Sequence
Nucleotide
HomoloGene
Based on key word searching (MESH terms, author names, gene names, accession or gi numbers, or just recognized patterns in the records).
15 database are included….
Gene
GenSat
GenomeProjects
Cancer Chromosomes

12. Literature Databases

14. A part of the NCBI Bookshelf
Part 2. Data Flow and Processing
Part 1. The Databases
Part 3. Querying and Linking the Data
Part 4. User Support
A part of the NCBI Bookshelf

18. PubMed Central
PubMed Central is a digital archive of life sciences journal literature. Integrated into the Entrez retrieval system, PMC provides free and unrestricted access to the full text of over 160 life sciences journals, with more to come.

19. Detailed journal information
NCBI Journal Database
Detailed journal information

20. OMIM - A catalogue of genes involved with human disease processes
- Detailed clinical and reference information
- Curated and maintained by Johns Hopkins
- Links to PubMed and sequence databases

21. “Global Entrez Query”

22. NM_000249: PubMed
Books

23. Books Link

24. OMIM: Human Disease Genes
Conserved Domain

25. HINARI
The Health InterNetwork Access to Research Initiative (HINARI) is part of the United Nation’s Health InterNetwork (HIN) project,
Coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the lead agency.
Collaboration between the WHO, publishers and other health care content owners intended to provide biomedical and health care research and guideline information to non profit academic and research institutions, governmental and policy making departments in low income countries.
Access to this information will generally be provided at low cost or in most cases free by the Publisher, to institutions in many countries with a Gross National Product (GNP) per capita of US $1000 or less according to the World Bank Report, December 1999 (HINARI Phase 1)

26. HINARI License Agreement

27. HINARI Do’s
Material owned by the Publishers made available through HINARI may only be used by Authorised Users or Walk-in Users.
An Authorised User: an institution’s or government department’s employee, permanent or visiting faculty, or student.
Walk-in User: Anyone who comes to the Institution’s premises and is permitted by the Institution to access services there.

28. HINARI Do’s
The Publisher’s Material (for HINARI Phase 1) may also be placed in electronic reserves for students to access in specified education courses. Delete after the end of the course.
Document Supply: Institution may supply printed or digital materials only to the Institution’s employees, faculty members, or another Authorised User.
Remote access from computer owned personally by employees or by Institution.

29. HINARI Don’ts
Downloading: Do not download complete journal issues or books.
Printing: Do not print complete issues of books or journals.
Course Packs: Academic and teaching staff may make copies in print or digital form of the Publisher’s Material for course packs (recover the cost of producing such course packs from the the students). Cannot make a profit from the Publisher’s Material.
Document supply: Do not distribute documents obtained through HINARI to any other individuals or organisations outside the Institution.
Document Fees: The Institution may not supply the document for a fee except to recover cost of compiling course pack or other teaching materials.

30. HINARI Don’ts
Do not modify, adapt, transform or create any derivative work from the Publisher’s Material. Consequence: Immediate termination of the contract between the Publisher and the Institution.
Do not modify, adapt, transform or create any derivative work or version from the Publisher’s access software or that of his hosting agent. Do not tamper or amend the Publishers access software.
Uploading: Do not upload the Material to or post to a publicly available website or elsewhere. Do not add to the Publisher’s Material without express permission of the Publisher including notices, advertisements, comments, or other information.

31. HINARI Don’ts
Do not give the Publisher’s Material to other individuals or institutions.
Do not access HINARI while traveling outside the country.