1. Immigration

2. Timeline Pre-1965: Quotas system Immigration Act of 1965 abolished quota system ▫Preference for skilled persons and those with US relatives ▫Creation of migration chains ▫Limits on Western Hemisphere ▫Expectation: Little Change; Reality: Increase in non-European migration

3. Timeline (continued) 1986: Immigration Reform and Control Act ▫Penalize employers of unauthorized immigrants ▫Border controls ▫Amnesty for those in US before 1/1/1982 1996: Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act ▫Income above poverty level to sponsor an immigrant ▫More resources to stop illegal immigration (border patrol agents, fence, etc.) ▫Tougher penalties for smuggling people or faking docs ▫Deportation easier than ever

4. More on Immigration Role of refugees ▫1952: McCarran-Walter Act for those fleeing from communist regimes could be admitted to US ▫1980: Refugee Act for those leaving country due to fear of persecution due to race, religion, nationality, political stance, etc.

5. Recent Immigration 1990: California, Texas, New York, Illinois, and Florida have highest populations of foreign born residents More than half of all US immigrants come from Latin America today, while roughly 25% come from Asia 2001: Top five legal immigrants into US ▫Mexico, India, China, Philippines, and Vietnam

6. Recent Refugees 800,000 Cubans since 1959 Revolution 600,000 from Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos

7. Continued Debate Reagan’s amnesty program designed to stop illegal immigration ▫Tripled over next 20 years George W. Bush made it a top priority but Congress disagreed on how to act ▫Citizenship, Deportation, Build a Wall, Quotas, Guest- worker programs? What do you think we should do in regards to immigration?