1. Kings, Conquests, & Secular Life in Medieval Europe Mr. Koch World History A Forest Lake High School

2. Improved agricultural technology → increased food production More food → increased population (doubled 1000 – 1300)

3. Medieval English Kingdoms

4. 1066 – Norman invasion of England – King Edward does not have clear heir to throne – Dispute b/w Harold and William of Normandy – William’s army victorious Leads to blending of Norman & Anglo-Saxon culture He establishes more firm control over England than most previous kings – Domesday Book

5. Medieval English Kingdoms Bayeux Tapestry Measures about ½ meter tall and 70 meters long (believed to be missing ~8 meters)

6. Medieval English Kingdoms Henry II (king from 1154 – 1189) – Unifies justice system with “Common Law” – Established by determining customs and traveling court – Puts all England under the same law – Also see early jury system emerge with these courts

7. Medieval English Kingdoms Magna Carta (1215) – King John signs under pressure from angry barons – Protected the rights and privileges of nobility, townspeople, church – Established basis of “due process” Legal action cannot be arbitrary – Must consult Great Council before adding new taxes – Guaranteed rights to nobles (eventually all citizens) Monarch must obey the law – Great Council eventually evolved into Parliament House of Lords and House of Commons “power of the purse”

8. Medieval French Kingdoms

9. Capetians (beginning 987 – Hugh Capet) – Established hereditary rule – Built bureaucracy – established order Philip II (ruled 1180 – 1223) – Vastly expanded lands Normandy and Anjou (Eng. controlled) in north and lands in south

10. Medieval French Kingdoms Louis IX (ruled 1226 – 1270) – Very popular and very religious Christian (made saint) – Religious persecution – Centralized authority and created sense of nationalism Philip IV (ruled 1285 -1314) – Fought w/ Pope Bonafice VIII – Right to tax clergy without papal consent Eventually sent troops after the Pope 1305 – French Pope (Clement V) elected and decides to move court to Avignon (1309) – Set up Estates General (clergy, nobles, townspeople) Never as powerful as Parliament

11. Hundred Years War (1337 – 1453) Series of conflicts between England & France 1429 – Joan of Arc (17 y.o.) tells French King Charles VII that God told her to lead army – She had a number of military successes – Burned at the stake for witchcraft by English – Rallied French troops who view her as martyr French eventually regained most all French lands

12. Learning, Literature, & the Arts

13. Education – Universities popping up – Greek philosophy re-emerges Was preserved by Muslim scholars – Scholasticism – use reason to support Christianity Literature Use of vernacular – Song of Roland, Poem of the Cid, Divine Comedy, Canterbury Tales Cathedrals – Romanesque → Gothic Taller, flying buttresses, large stained- glass

14. The Black Death

15. The Black Death (Bubonic Plague) Spreading through Europe by mid-1300s – Rats, fleas, unsanitary conditions 1 in 3 eventually died (35 million in China) – People panicked – couldn’t explain Some used Jews as scapegoat – thousands killed