1. : GHG-Control from SICK Direct Measurement of the Green House Gas emissions Ralf Pakulla – Product Marketing Manager Emission Analyzer SICK AG, January 2013

2. : Confidential2: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control The Solution for GHG Reporting

3. : Confidential3: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control GHG Reporting in the European Community 199720032003 & 20122005 123 20082013-2020 456 Reporting Monitoring Concept Trading Period 1 National allocation 95% certificates free of charge Trading Period 3 Start reduction of GHG by 1,74% per year Trading Period 2 EU Allocation Emission Trading System 2003/87/EC Monitoring Regulation 601/2012 4 5 Kyoto Protocol 1 2 3 6

4. : Confidential4: Ralf Pakulla CO 2(e) Evaluation – The possibilities Actual Situation Concerned Industries have to report emissions based on: : Calculation of the source streams (t/h) : or : Measuring with Continuous Emission Measurement (CEMS) : but -Maximum permissible uncertainty (plant categories and tiers) have to be followed In many cases => Just based on CO 2 ! But CO is molar equivalent CO2 according to the regulations (  CO + ½ O 2 = CO 2 ) and have to be reported Monitoring Regulation according to directive 2003/87/EC

5. : Confidential5: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control Categories and Tiers Tier 1Tier 2Tier 3Tier 4 +/- 10%+/- 7,5%+/- 5%+/- 2,5% Different kind of source streams (a) Minor source streams, (b) De-minimis source streams, (c) Major source streams, Each operator shall determine the category of its installation… for the purpose of monitoring emissions and determining the minimum requirements for tiers (Art. 19 MR) “Tier” means a set requirement used for determining activity data, calculation factors, annual emission and annual average hourly emission, as well as for payload; Cat.CO2 Emission per Year Limit of uncertainty (Calculation) Limit of uncertainty (Measurement) A< 50kt+/- 7,5% B50kt – 500kt+/- 5,0% C> 500kt+/- 2,5%

6. : Confidential6: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control Concerned Industries #OperationPerformance >CO2N2OPFC 1 combustion processes20MWx- 2 Refining of Mineral Oilnox- 3 Production of cokenox- 4 Metal ore roasting and sinteringnox- 5 Production of pig iron and steel2,5t/h performancex- 6 Production or processing of ferrous and non-ferrous metals20MWx- 7 production or processing of primary aluminiumnox-x 8 PFC emissions from production or processing of primary aluminium20MWx- 9 Production of cement clinker500t clinker/dayx- 10 Production of lime or calcination of dolomite or magnesite50t Product/dayx- 11 Manufacture of glass, glass fibre or mineral wool insulation material20t Product/dayx- 12 Manufacture of ceramic products75t Product/dayx- 13 Production of gypsum products and plaster boards20MWx- 14 Pulp and paper productionnox- 15 Production of carbon black20MWx- 16 emissions from nitric acid, adipic acid, caprolactam, glyoxal and glyoxylic acid productsnoxx 17 Production of ammonianox- 18 Production of bulk organic chemicals100t Product/dayx- 19 Production of hydrogen and synthesis gas25t/dayx- 20 Production of soda ash and sodium bicarbonatenox- 21 Determination of greenhouse gas emissions from CO 2 capture activitiesnox- 22 Determination of greenhouse gas emissions from the transport of CO 2 by pipelinesnox- 23 Geological storage of CO 2 in a storage sitenox- 24 AirplanesMany exceptionsx-

7. : Confidential7: Ralf Pakulla The Solution: GHG-Control GHG-Control GHG-Control:

8. : Confidential8: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control Solution: Direct measurement of Green House Gases Flow measurement FLOWSIC100 Solution In-Situ Measurement Gas Monitor GM35 cCO 2(e) Flow DAS CO 2(e) mass stack

9. : Confidential9: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control Easy Movie – “www.sick.com/ghg-control”

10. : Confidential10: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control The measuring solution : In-Situ gas concentration (GM35) : Volume Flow (FLOWSIC100) : Supporting validation and uncertainty calculation : MEAC GHG: DAS, reporting and substitution data handling The advandaye of our solution:  Direct measurement without compensation factors  No correction of humidity, pressure (p) and temperature (T) mass flow = concentration x volume flow Direct Measurement for easy control

11. : Confidential11: Ralf Pakulla CO 2 & CO/N 2 O Monitor  CO 2(e) GM35 GHG-Control GHG-Control: 1

12. : Confidential12: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control GM35: CO 2 and CO/N 2 O Monitor Principle & Operations In-Situ Analyzer In-Situ CO 2 / CO or N 2 O measurement with the Gas Monitor GM35 :Principle: Infrared-IFC & GFC :QAL1 type approved (LCPD and WID) :For CO 2, H 2 O, N 2 O* or CO * =no QAL1 1

13. : Confidential13: Ralf Pakulla Internal quality assurance (QAL3) GHG-Control GM35: CO 2 and CO/N 2 O Monitor Internal parts Internal check procedure Gas Monitor GM35 1 1Spectral filter 2CO or N 2 O cell 3Blanking diaphragm 4Zero point reflector 5Print out 6Light beam Zero / Span Internal check procedure Gas Monitor GM35 1 2 3 4 5 6

14. : Confidential14: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control GM35: CO 2 and CO/N 2 O Monitor QAL1 Certificate Calculation of the uncertainties 1

15. : Confidential15: Ralf Pakulla Flow Measurement FLOWSIC100 GHG-Control GHG-Control: 2

16. : Confidential16: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control FLOWSIC100: Flow Measurement Principle & operation In-Situ Flow meter Mass flow measurement with the FLOWSIC100 :Principle: Ultrasonic flow meter :QAL1 type approved (LCPD and WID) :Exhaust flow meter 2

17. : Confidential17: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control Higher precision by redundant flow meters Improve of the accuracy In-Situ Flow meter Standard set up will reduce the uncertainty 2 Different set up according to the best fit of your application

18. : Confidential18: Ralf Pakulla Services GHG-Control GHG-Control: 3

19. : Confidential19: Ralf Pakulla Check the exact stack dimensions on side Improve the accuracy of the volume flow meter (FLOWSIC100) Target Reduce the total uncertainty 3 A)Exact measurement of the exhaust tube by laser scanning (from inside or outside the stack)  Reduces the total uncertainty of the volumetric flow measurement GHG-Control

20. : Confidential20: Ralf Pakulla Flow simulation Optimization FLOWSIC100 3 Flow analysis and simulation by computational fluid dynamics (In the laboratory) Use of our experience from high accurate custody transfer meters  Reduces the total uncertainty of the volumetric flow measurement Improve of the accuracy by flow simulation GHG-Control Flow Simulation Improve the accuracy of the volume flow meter (FLOWSIC100)

21. : Confidential21: Ralf Pakulla Validation GHG-Control GHG-Control: 4

22. : Confidential22: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control Validation Strategy Corroborating with calculation of Emissions : The operator shall corroborate emissions determined by a measurement- based methodology…by calculating the annual emissions of each considered greenhouse gas for the same emission source and source streams  The use of tier methodologies shall not be required. (Art. 46 MR) : Typical methods: : Calibration and quality assurance according to EN14181 (QAL2) : Reference measurement of volume flow and concentration : Thermo balance measurement (EN12952-15) : Thermodynamic calculations using plant data management : GUM EN13005 Use of applicable ISO and EN standards and good engineering practice 4

23. : Confidential23: Ralf Pakulla Data Handling and Reporting MEAC GHG GHG-Control GHG-Control: 5

24. : Confidential24: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control MEAC GHG: DAS and Reporting tool MEAC GHG DAS & Reporting Reporting Tool Example Report MEAC GHG :Evaluation according to MR :Secure data management :Reporting + substitution data handling 5

25. : Confidential25: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control Reporting MEAC GHG DAS and Reporting 5 : Calculation of the annual CO 2(e) mass : Daily, Monthly and Annual reports : Trend charts and certificate management : Secure data management and storage : Substitution data management for missing values : Approved system according to the monitoring regulation 601/2012 : Full version (MEAC GHG) or Software option (GHG-Master)

26. : Confidential26: Ralf Pakulla Summary GHG-Control GHG-Control: !

27. : Confidential27: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control Summary GHG-Control from SICK ! : Matches Tier 4 and Tier 3 requirements (up to less then 2,5% uncertainty) : Lower costs for determining substance flows and fuel qualities : No wet / dry conversion necessary : No influence from the temperature and pressure measurement : Direct measurement incorporates changing fuels and mixed fuels : No safety surcharge for using calculation method : Less emission certificates needed  saving costs : Low cost of owner ship : Consulting, Project Management, Installation and Service out of one single source

28. : Confidential28: Ralf Pakulla GHG-Control from SICK ! GHG-Control Summary Measure rather than calculate

29. Thank you very much for your attention