2. Obscenity is not protected by the 1 st amendment

3. SC broadly interprets the I.8 to allow interstate commerce to cover almost all forms of commercial activity

4. Establishes Judicial Review

5. Separate but equal is inherently unequal

6. Establishes supremacy of the national government against state government

7. Declared Gun Free School Act unconstitutional – did not fall under commerce clause

8. The right to privacy give a woman the right to an abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy

9. Established Clear and Present Danger test for Free Speech

10. Incorporates 1 st amendment to the states – it overturns Baron v Baltimore

11. Establishes a right to privacy Case involved the banning of contraceptives

12. Symbolic speech of students is protected

13. Rights of the accused Established the Miranda Rights

14. Incorporates right to an attorney

15. Incorporates 4 th amendment search and seizure

16. 1833 – Bill of rights do not apply to the states.

17. Establishes “Actual Malice” Standard regarding public officials

18. Freedom of Press – Prior Restraint – Censorship (except in rare cases) is unconstitutional

19. Upheld federal spending limits However spending money to influence an election is a protected form of speech

20. Flag burning is a form of symbolic speech and protected by 1 st amendment

21. Established the definition for obscene materials the average person, applying contemporary community standards, find, taken as a whole, appeal to the prurient interest; that depict or describe, in a patently offensive way, sexual conduct specifically defined by applicable state law; and that, taken as a whole, lack serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value

22. Government directed prayer in schools violates establishment clause – even if non-denomintational and students can opt out

23. Establishes Lemon test The government's action must have a secular legislative purpose; The government's action must not have the primary effect of either advancing or inhibiting religion; The government's action must not result in an "excessive government entanglement" with religion

24. Incorporates free exercise clause

25. Declared line-item veto unconstitutional - violated separation of powers clause

26. Establishes separate but equal doctrine

27. Congressional districts must be equal Redistricting is not a political question thus can be ordered by the courts

28. Establishes the exclusionary rule

29. 4 th amendment applies to public schools Must have “reasonable suspicion”

30. Race may be taken into account when allowing students to higher education institutions as long as it is not the primary reason