1. From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers
Chapter Three

2. The Time Period Stone Age—
period of time when early humans used stone to make tools.
Begins with hominids who could make tools, lasts until people began using metal
2 million BCE-3000 BCE

3. The Ages of the Stone Age
Paleolithic Age (Old Stone Age)
People got their food by hunting and gathering
People moved about the countryside looking for food and safe shelter
Neolithic Age (New Stone Age)
People learned how to farm and raise animals
People began to settle in one place

5. From the Old to New Stone Age
In the Paleolithic Age people were hunter-gatherers
Over thousands of years, people learned to raise animals and plant foods. This began the Neolithic Age. (c BCE-3000 BCE)
How do you think learning to keep animals and farm changed the way people lived?

8. Creating a Stable Food Supply
Early farmers learned to domesticate animals. They raised sheep, goats, and cattle for meat. They used other animals to help them work.
Domesticate—to train a wild animal to be useful to humans
Agriculture created a more stable food supply
Agriculture is the business of farming

9. Making Permanent Shelters
During the Paleolithic age, people lived in temporary shelters. Why?
Because they were hunter gatherers. This meant they were constantly moving around for food.
As people settled down to farm, they started building more permanent shelters
Mud and stone were used to build the homes
Ladders were used to get into the openings high in the walls of the structure

11. How did permanent shelter change the way people lived?
Protection from harsh weather and wild animals
Life was more comfortable
New ways of cooking were developed
People formed larger communities

12. Communities With agriculture, came the development of early villages
How did living in communities change the way people lived?
Division of jobs
Groups of people working together made jobs more efficient
More time to invent new ideas
Better defense
All of this lead to larger and larger populations

13. Jobs Paleolithic times—people’s main job was finding food
Neolithic times—agriculture creates stable food supply so people can develop specialized skills
Farmers
Clothing makers
Craftspeople, stoneworkers

15. Trade Paleolithic hunter/gatherers rarely traded
In Neolithic times, trading became much more common
Traded for resources like flint and ores
Trade was not easy!
Brought people in contact with others thus allowing for sharing if ideas, resources, and knowledge

17. How did agriculture change the way people lived?
Stable food supply
Permanent housing
Communities
Jobs
Trade