1. Water Availability for Oil Well Development in North Dakota Status of Water Depot Permit Applications Robert Shaver Water Appropriation Division North Dakota State Water Commission

2. Scope of Presentation Surface Water Availability Ground Water Availability –Bedrock Aquifer Fox Hills Aquifer –Glacial Aquifers Killdeer Aquifer Shell Creek Aquifer

3. Surface Water Availability Knife River Bakken Areal Extent

4. Knife River at Manning, ND

5. Surface Water Availability Bakken Areal Extent Missouri River/Lake Sakakawea most reliable water supply

6. Ground Water Availability Bedrock Aquifers FOX HILLS AQUIFER

7. Areal Extent of Fox Hills Aquifer

8. Fox Hills Aquifer Fox Hills Aquifer occurs from land surface to depths of ≈ 2,000 feet in west central part of state Well yields of up to 200 gpm Variable water chemistry –Relatively high salinity –Sodium-bicarbonate type water

9. Fox Hills Aquifer Cont. Major source for domestic/stock use in western North Dakota Monitoring since 1980s indicate pressure head declines of 1 to 2 feet/year Negative impact on flowing wells in Little Missouri, Missouri, and Knife River valleys

10. Flowing wells in the Fox Hills Aquifer

11. Rate of Decline ≈ 1.2 Feet/ Year

12. Management of Fox Hills Aquifer Groundwater mining is occurring Fox Hills Aquifer is an important water source Every effort should be made to develop large scale ground water supplies from other sources

13. Ground Water Availability in Glacial Aquifers KILLDEER AQUIFER Dunn County

14. Glacial Drift Aquifers

15. A A’ Killdeer Aquifer

16. ¼ to ½ mile wide 200+ feet 500 gpm Geohydrologic Section A-A’ Showing the Killdeer Aquifer

17. Permit 3701 80 Acre- Feet Permit 5915 20 Acre-Feet City of Killdeer 365 Acre-Feet Medicine Hole Golf Course 72 Acre-Feet Approved Water Permits in the Killdeer Aquifer

18. Permit 6011 134 Acre-Feet None Granted Permit 5989 350 Acre-Feet 130 Ac-Ft Granted City of Killdeer 365 Acre-Feet 75 Ac-Ft Granted Medicine Hole Golf Course 300 Acre-Feet 75 Ac-Ft Granted Permit 6043 350 Acre-Feet None Granted New Permits and Amounts Granted

19. Schematic Diagram of A Typical Glacial Diversion Channel Aquifer in Western North Dakota

22. Water Depots in North Dakota 28 Permitted Water Depots –2,340 acre-feet (763 million gallons) per year 30 Pending Water Permit Applications –5,534 acre-feet (1.8 billion gallons) per year

23. The most reliable water supply in terms of both quantity and quality required for oil field development in western North Dakota is Lake Sakakawea and the Missouri River