1. Unit 5
Important Empires I

2. Important Empires I Map Timeline Gupta Empire Tang Dynasty
Byzantine Empire
Muslim Empire

3. Map

4. Timeline Gupta Empire Tang Dynasty Byzantine Empire Muslim Empire 1000
1100
1200
1300
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Gupta Empire
Tang Dynasty
Byzantine Empire
Muslim Empire

5. Two Important Terms
Empire: A civilization that takes over other territories and unites them under one ruler
Golden Age: A time of peace and prosperity

6. Gupta Empire India’s Golden Age: Came during the Gupta Empire
Chandra Gupta started the empire
Golden Age: A time in a culture’s history where there is peace and prosperity, there are many great cultural contributions

7. Gupta Contributions to Our Society
Decimal System
Arabic Numerals {1,2,3,4,5,……………………..}
Concept of Zero -

8. Tang Dynasty Influence on Japan and Korea:
- Much of Japanese and Korean culture was borrowed from the Chinese during the Tang Dynasty
- Buddhism
- Writing System
- Confucianism: “5 Relationships”
- Respect for nature

9. The Silk Road Helped the Dynasty extend Westward
Connected China with western cultures (Muslim and Byzantine Empires)

10. Tang Contributions to Our Society
Gunpowder
Porcelain
Compass
Spinning Wheel
Mechanical Clock
Block Printing

11. Byzantine Empire Created: It was the Eastern Half of the Old Roman Empire
How the Byzantine Empire Compared with the Roman Empire
Capital
Religion
Language
Other Information
Holy
Roman
Empire
Rome
Catholic
(Christian)
Latin
The Western Half of the old Roman Empire
Fell into the “Dark Ages”
Byzantine
Constantinople
Eastern
(Greek)
Orthodox
Greek
The Eastern Half of the Old Roman Empire
Grew strong and lasted 1,000 years

12. Impact on Russia
Religion: Eastern Orthodox spread to Russia (known as Russian Orthodox)
Trade: Many Byzantine ideas were introduced into Russia
Cyrillic Alphabet
Religion
Art Work (Mosaic)
Architecture

13. Contributions to Our Society
Justinian’s Code:
- The laws of the Byzantine Empire based on the “Twelve Tables” of Roman law, became a basis for laws in many European nations
- Thousands of laws
- More modern law code
Art and Architecture:
- Usually supported the Christian Church
Preservers of Greek and Roman culture:
- The Byzantine Empire saved the
knowledge, art, and ideas of the old Roman
and Greek cultures
- “Classical” culture

14. Reasons why the Empire lasted so long
1. Organized Government
2. Did not get to be too big
3. Minded their own business

16. Muslim Empire How it Spread:
Origin: Out of Mecca, east to India, west across North Africa and on into Spain Growth: to spread Islam to other people 1. Military conquest – took about 100 years to expand the empire - They were great fighters, if they died in battle, they believed they would go directly to heaven (Jihad) - They treated conquered people fairly – better than previous rulers
Battle of Tours: (732 CE) 1. In Southern France 2. The French Christians, under Charles Martel, defeated the Muslims and stopped their advance in Europe Golden Age: ( CE) 1. A time of great learning and cultural diffusion

17. Contributions to Our Society
Mathematics
Astronomy
Learned from Greek ideas
Study of the stars; created astronomical tables
Spread Gupta math ideas
Created Algebra and Trigonometry

18. Contributions continued…..
Medicine
Islamic Law
Created Hospitals
Wrote medical textbooks
Doctors required to pass exams to practice medicine
Based on Islamic religious laws in the Qu’ran
Became the basis for political laws in the empire

19. Contributions continued…
Architecture
Banking
Influenced by Byzantine and Indian styles
Used Money
Allowed credit (money borrowing) to be used

20. Preservers of the Greek and Roman culture
Preserved the Roman and Greek ideas that they got from their contacts with the Byzantine Empire
Preserved them
They improved upon them (i.e. translated Roman writings, etc…)

21. Essential Questions
What would be the most influential contributions from these Empires?
A.) Technology: mechanical clock, gunpowder, block printing, compass
B.) Learning: mathematics, science, medicine, preservation of Greek and Roman culture by the Muslim and Byzantine Empires
C.) Laws: Justinian’s Code
Why did the Muslim Empire become the most influential on European culture?
- Their geographic nearness to Europe (they were centrally located among these empires and the Muslims shared the ideas they obtained from other cultures with Europeans)
- Great traders with Europe
- The Crusades