1. Chapter 9 Review Market Revolution, Conflicts with Mexico and Manifest Destiny

2. The Market Revolution & Regional Specialization As industrialization boomed in the North and factories took the place of the cottage industry, people began buying and selling goods rather than being self-sufficient. Factories in the North, plantations in the South, and large farms in the West used the market as a means to specialize in their perspective industries. The transportation systems established by the American System, as well as the new inventions such as the mechanical reaper, steel plow, sewing machine, cotton gin, and mills all helped to allow for this specialization. And the telegraph allowed for the regions to easily communicate.

3. Moving Westward Push FactorsPull Factors Religious persecution Debt (Panic of 1837) Overpopulation and lack of jobs Escaping the law New markets and opportunities Fresh start GOLD!!! Fertile land

4. Texas and Conflicts with Mexico Mexico struggled to protect its northern provinces from Native American attacks, so to ensure loyalty from these areas they allowed Americans to settle in Texas. Americans rushed to Tejas to settle, and were only expected to obey the laws and observe the religion of Mexico. This fell apart as Americans brought slaves with them. This led to conflict as the Americans demanded more self-government and illegally entered the Mexican territory. Texas was made into a republic after the Treaty of Velasco was signed, and Texas entered as a state 9 years later as a slave state due to its location and previous slave population.

5. Californian Gold The land opened up by the war with Mexico led to the discovery of gold in the San Francisco Valley in 1848. This discovery led to a massive migration westward to California, and this changed the fate of the state by making it diverse and the population exploded to over 100,000 in 2 years. People left their jobs and homes in hopes of striking it rich. They were also expanding the borders of the nation as they filled up the western seaboard.

6. Manifest Destiny Manifest Destiny was the belief that it was God’s will that we would expand west to the Pacific Ocean. It was thought to be obvious and inevitable. We acquired large areas of land through the Louisiana Purchase, Adams-Onis Treaty, Treaty of Velasco, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, and Gadsden/Oregon purchases. The inventions that helped involved devices for communication (i.e. telegraph), transportation (i.e. railroad, canals, roads, and trails), and industry (i.e. reaper, plow, sewing machine, cotton gin, and factories). The desire for new market opportunities, along with the gold rush, helped to push settlers westward in hopes of making a name for themselves.