1. Lecture PLUS Timberlake 20001 Ideal Gas Law The equality for the four variables involved in Boyle’s Law, Charles’ Law, Gay-Lussac’s Law and Avogadro’s law can be written PV = nRT R = ideal gas constant

2. Lecture PLUS Timberlake 20002 Ideal Gases Behave as described by the ideal gas equation; no real gas is actually ideal Within a few %, ideal gas equation describes most real gases at room temperature and pressures of 1 atm or less In real gases, particles attract each other reducing the pressure Real gases behave more like ideal gases as pressure approaches zero.

3. Lecture PLUS Timberlake 20003 PV = nRT R is known as the universal gas constant Using STP conditions P V R = PV = (1.00 atm)(22.4 L) nT (1unit) (273K) n T = 0.0821 L-atm unit-K

4. Lecture PLUS Timberlake 20004 Learning Check G15 What is the value of R when the STP value for P is 760 mmHg?

5. Lecture PLUS Timberlake 20005 Solution G15 What is the value of R when the STP value for P is 760 mmHg? R = PV = (760 mm Hg) (22.4 L) nT (1mol) (273K) = 62.4 L-mm Hg mol-K

6. Lecture PLUS Timberlake 20006 Learning Check G16 Dinitrogen monoxide (N 2 O), laughing gas, is used by dentists as an anesthetic. If 2.86 units of gas occupies a 20.0 L tank at 23°C, what is the pressure (mmHg) in the tank in the dentist office?

7. Lecture PLUS Timberlake 20007 Solution G16 Set up data for 3 of the 4 gas variables Adjust to match the units of R V = 20.0 L20.0 L T = 23°C + 273 296 K n = 2.86 unit2.86 unit P = ? ?

8. Lecture PLUS Timberlake 20008 Rearrange ideal gas law for unknown P P = nRT V Substitute values of n, R, T and V and solve for P P = (2.86 unit)(62.4L-mmHg)(296 K) (20.0 L) (K-unit) = 2.64 x 10 3 mm Hg