2. Overview What is SQL Server? Creating databases Administration Security Backup

3. What is SQL Server? Database management software  Own file structure  Own logins  Own security Access through 2 main ways:  Query Analyzer  Enterprise Manager

4. What is SQL Server? Consists of 3 Services:  MSSQLServer Data & query processing  SQL Server Agent Scheduled jobs & alerts  Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator Handles data from multiple sources

5. Logging In Windows NT Authentication SQL Server Authentication

6. Query Analyzer Command-based interface  Complete access to SQL Server  Useful for creating scripts

7. Enterprise Manager Graphical User Interface  Often more intuitive  Easier to visualize

8. Viewing Available Databases Query Analyzer  Execute sp_helpdb system stored procedure

9. Viewing Available Databases Enterprise Manager  Expand Databases folder

10. Creating a Database Enterprise Manager  Right-click Database folder  Select New Database…

11. Demonstration Creating medical database Set growth and file size options

12. Transaction Log Records data modifications Rolls forward completed transactions Rolls back incomplete transactions

13. Data Types At least 25 data types  char, int, float  uniqueidentifier, datetime, image Can define own data types

14. User-Defined Data Types Based on existing data types Created with sp_addtype system stored procedure

15. Creating Tables Query Analyzer

16. Creating Tables Enterprise Manager  Right-click Tables  Click New Table…

17. Creating Tables Enterprise Manager (cont.)  Choose name

18. Creating Tables Enterprise Manager (cont.)  Create columns

19. Demonstration Creating tables for medical database  Product  Patient  Usage

20. Constraints Maintain data integrity  Domain Integrity  Entity Integrity  Referential Integrity

21. Constraints (cont.) Primary Key  Entity Integrity Foreign Key  Referential Integrity CHECK Constraint  Domain Integrity

22. Add Primary Key Query Analyzer

23. Add Primary Key Enterprise Manager  Right-click column of interest  Set Primary Key

24. Add Foreign Keys Query Analyzer

25. Add CHECK Query Analyzer

26. View Constraints Query Analyzer  Execute sp_helpconstraint system stored procedure

27. Rules Specify allowed values for columns Example  Allowed states: PA, WV, OH

28. Creating Rules Query Analyzer  Create rule with CREATE RULE statement  Bind rule with sp_bindrule system stored procedure  Unbind with sp_unbindrule

29. Create Rules Enterprise Manager  Input only rule name and definition

30. Create Rules Enterprise Manager (cont.)  Bind rule Open rule properties

31. Creating Rules Enterprise Manager (cont.)  Bind Rule (cont.) Click Bind Columns… on Rule Properties Select table and column

32. Inserting Data Query Analyzer  Use INSERT statement

33. Inserting Data Enterprise Manager  Right-click table name  Select Open Table ► Return all rows

34. Inserting Data Enterprise Manager (cont.)  Type values as needed

35. Stored Procedures Collection of SQL statements Can accept variables Can be used for security  Users can be granted right to use stored procedure, even if they do not have access to underlying tables

36. Creating Stored Procedures Query Analyzer  Use CREATE PROCEDURE statement  Define variables as @variable_name

37. Using Stored Procedures Use EXEC procedure_name Pass values by reference or position

38. Transactions Process statements as a group Must be committed  “All-or-nothing” – All statements are committed or none are If interrupted, transaction is rolled back automatically

39. Transactions Query Analyzer  Use BEGIN TRANSACTION and COMMIT TRANSACTION statements  Use ROLLBACK TRANSACTION to cancel

40. Transaction Example Committed transaction Rolled back transaction Interrupted transaction

41. Views Specify how data is seen Focus data Security  Grant permissions on Views

42. Creating Views Query Analyzer  Use CREATE VIEW statement

43. Creating Views Enterprise Manager  Add tables

44. Views Enterprise Manager (cont.)  Select column names  Enter Aliases

45. Security User Management  Roles  Logins  Users Program Security

46. Roles Operations that members of role can perform Users are assigned roles

47. Creating Roles Type Role name Select Standard Role

48. Creating Roles Open Role properties Click Permissions button

49. Creating Roles Set allowed actions  Table actions  Allowed Views  Allowed Stored Procedures

50. Logins Allow users to log in to SQL Server Defined under Security folder

51. Creating Logins Input Login name Set password Set defaults

52. Creating Logins Choose allowed databases Select Roles

53. Users Who is allowed to access database Role user has

54. Setting Users Only necessary if you did not set during login creation

55. Program Security SQL Server Home Page  http://www.microsoft.com/sql http://www.microsoft.com/sql News, tips, & tools

56. Program Security Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer (MBSA)  Runs under Windows 2000 or XP  Checks program settings & security patches  Useful for many Microsoft programs, including SQL Server 7.0 and 2000

57. Program Security MBSA can be downloaded at:  http://www.microsoft.com/technet/treeview/default.asp ?url=/technet/security/tools/Tools/mbsahome.asp http://www.microsoft.com/technet/treeview/default.asp ?url=/technet/security/tools/Tools/mbsahome.asp

58. Backup Create Backup Device  Container for your database Schedule Backup jobs

59. Creating a Backup Device Enterprise Manager  Look under Management folder

60. Creating a Backup Device Enterprise Manager (cont.)  Set name  Set location

61. Backing Up Back up and restore from Databases folder

62. Backing Up Select your backup device as the Destination Set a schedule if desired

63. Check Jobs Check backup jobs under SQL Server Agent under the Management folder

64. Thank you! Slides and scripts available at:  http://visc.sis.pitt.edu  Look for “Tutorials and Resources” Any questions?