1. Proteins https://upload.wikimedia.org/ wikipedia/commons/6/68/Me mbrane_protein.png http://www.clemson.edu/centers-institutes/sullivan/patients/nutrition101/Protein/ http://static.ddmcdn.com/gif/food-amino.gif http://www.sciencemusings.com/blog/u ploaded_images/Protein2-732879.jpg https://encrypted- tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRJsXrdFm0rjcCoo6_drmv 4PlZPaTMmIeq7471oCP92LCmsJBxu2A

2. Learning Target #3 Analyze proteins and explain how organisms use them: – Explain the structure of proteins – Describe the function group(s). – Explain the types of monomers and polymers (how are the polymers formed?). – Create a model naming, describing, and showing the results of the chemical tests. – Clarify the function and importance of proteins. – Identify food examples of proteins. http://biology.clc.uc.edu/graphics/bio104/protein.jpg http://g-ecx.images-amazon.com/images/G/01/hpc/detail-page/c26-B001G8Y8VM-1-l.jpg

3. Proteins Contains: – carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen (CHON) Monomers: –amino acids. Functional groups: –amino group (–NH 2 ) on one end –a carboxyl group (–COOH) on the other end.

4. Structure and Function of Proteins How are Amino Acids compared? in a side chain called the R-group, differs by the amount of C,H,&O Central C bonded to H More than 20 different amino acids are found in nature. most diverse macromolecules Examples: tryptophan, glycine http://www.foodnetwork.com/food-detectives/index.html Picture: http://static.ddmcdn.com/gif/food-amino.gif C-H Bond R-Group

5. What is the difference between carbohydrates and proteins? A.Carbohydrates contain carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen; while proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. B.Carbohydrates monomers are monosaccharide, while proteins monomers are amino acids. C.Carbohydrates function is to build muscles and structures for the human body, while proteins provide the main energy source. D.Carbohydrates turn orange in color with a benedicts test, while proteins turn black in color with an iodine test.

6. The following molecule below shows which functional group(s) that is/are present in amino acids and proteins? A.Hydroxyl group B.Amine group C.Carboxyl group D.Both A and B E.Both A and C F.Both B and C

7. How do Proteins form? Dehydration synthesis join 2 amino acids to form dipeptide dipeptide -OH from carboxyl (COOH) and H from NH 2 forms H 2 O C-N bond formed (peptide bond-strong covalent bond) many amino acids form a polypeptide (many C-N bond) polypeptides form a protein http://upload.wikimed ia.org/wikipedia/com mons/thumb/6/6d/Pe ptidformationball.svg/ 400px- Peptidformationball.sv g.png http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Protein_fol ding.png

8. How are proteins different? Differ by: Number of amino acids Kind of amino acids sequence of amino acids Structure of the protein Each organism builds its own kind of proteins https://encrypted- tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn :ANd9GcTTNGQZybiJko6kzan7 wHHn5G4ntscupa9- 3rv9lBSRV6YDnpxS

9. A peptide bond is formed between which atoms A.carbon and oxygen B.carbon and carbon C.oxygen and nitrogen D.nitrogen and hydrogen E.nitrogen and carbon

10. What will be formed when the hydrolysis reaction below occurs? A.Disaccharide B.two amino acids C.two monosaccharide D.an amino acid and glycerol

11. Which of the following would have an effect on the type of protein molecule that an organism makes? A.The number of amino acids that are bonded together. B.The sequence of the amino acids in the chain. C.The types of amino acids that are joined together. D.All of the above.

12. Chemical Test for Proteins 1. Xanthoproteic Test or Nitric Acid Test (clear solution to start) – Positive test turns yellow 2. Biuret Test- (blue solution to start) – Positive test turns violet http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/m ichael.gregory/files/bio%20101/bio%20101 %20laboratory/chemical%20composition% 20of%20cells/biuret.jpg

13. Protein Functions: Have a variety of functions: Controlling the rate of reactions and regulating cell processes (enzymes) Forming cellular structures – Muscles, skin, hair, organs, etc… Transporting substances into or out of cells (cell membrane) Helping to fight disease (make antibodies). http://0.tqn.com/ d/biology/1/5/2/ W/microcurculati on.jpg https://encrypted- tbn2.gstatic.com/i mages?q=tbn:ANd9 GcSb46fmUDPCN44 eVASSr_qSgzP- AceTiiKY4C4dwWtu rRHia73I

14. When nitric acid is added to a protein it turns … A.Blue B.Violet C.Orange D.Yellow E.Black

15. What is/are the function(s) of proteins? A.To provide quick energy B.To fight diseases C.To store glucose molecule D.To transport substances into or out of a cells E.Both A and B F.Both B and C G.Both B and D

16. Are diets high is protein healthy? Article: http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/diet- fitness/diets/high-protein-meat-based-diets-mean- higher-mortality-rate-study-says.htm http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/diet- fitness/diets/high-protein-meat-based-diets-mean- higher-mortality-rate-study-says.htm Video: http://www.doctoroz.com/videos/truth-about-high- protein-diets-pt-1 http://www.doctoroz.com/videos/truth-about-high- protein-diets-pt-1 http://www.thedaily green.com/cm/thed ailygreen/images/iro n-source-edamame- soybeans-lg.jpg http://khoi.fitbodylife.com/wp- content/uploads/2012/04/2oriental -marinated-steak.jpg