1. Aim: How does Deng Xiaoping introduce capitalism in China and how is China affected? & What are some challenges that China faces today?

2. Mao Zedong Dies 1976

3. One Child Policy

4. The one child policy was established in 1979 to limit communist China’s population growth. It limits couples to one child. If policy s not followed fines are distributed, pressures to abort pregnancy become high, and even forced sterilizations are are put into place.

5. One Child Policy Continued This policy has been estimated to have limited the population growth by as many as 300 million people over the past twenty years. Problems: -This policy caused a disrespect to female infants; abortions, neglect, abandonment have been known to take place to females. -This now causes an uneven ratio between males and females in China’s population.

6. One Child Policy Today? Today many of the one child families in China are young adults. A special provision allows these couples to have two children legally. If a couple of two does not have sblinings, then they may have two children of their own, still preventing too dramatic of a population decrease.

7. Deng Xiaoping Father of Modern China Mao Zedong died in 1976. Despite disastrous mistakes, many still saw him as the revolutionary hero who had restored order, ended foreign domination, and made China a world power once again. After Mao, more moderate leaders controlled China. By 1981, Deng Xiaoping had set China on a new path. Deng was a practical reformer, more interested in raising output than in political purity. “I don’t care if a cat is black or white,” he declared, “as long as it catches the mice.”

8. Deng Xiaoping Economic Reforms Deng backed a program called the Four Modernizations, which emphasized agriculture, industry, science and defense. As part of this plan, Deng introduced economic reforms, including some private ownership of property and free- market policies. In agriculture, the responsibility system replaced the communes. Peasant families were allotted plots of farmland. The government took a share of their crops, but the family could sell the rest on the free market. Entrepreneurs were allowed to set up their own businesses. Managers of state-run factories were given more freedom but were expected to make their plants more efficient.

9. Deng Xiaoping Economic Reforms Entrepreneurs were allowed to set up their own businesses. Managers of state-run factories were given more freedom but were expected to make their plants more efficient. Deng welcomed foreign capital and technology from Japan, Hong Kong, Taiwan and the West. Deng’s reforms brought a surge of growth and a better standard of living for some Chinese. They were soon buying motor scooters, televisions and refrigerators. On the downside, crime and corruption grew. Inequalities increased as a new wealthy class emerged.

10. Deng’s Reforms Deng allowed Chinese students to attend Western Universities to modernize China. Under Deng, thousands of Chinese visited West and China’s economy began to turn after the decade during the Cultural Revolution.

11. Tiananmen Square Massacre 1989 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wNEW1 Uh0lz0 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wNEW1 Uh0lz0 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XJBnHM pHGRY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XJBnHM pHGRY

12. Tiananmen Square Massacre 1989 Video 1

13. Tiananmen Square Massacre 1989 Video 2

14. Human Rights Violation Human Right’s Violation- When a persons natural rights are taken away. The government censors the press, the Internet, print publications, and academic research, and justifies human rights abuses as necessary to preserve “social stability.” It carries out involuntary population relocation and rehousing on a massive scale, and enforces highly repressive policies in ethnic minority. Though primary school enrollment and basic literacy rates are high, China’s education system discriminates against children and young people with disabilities. The government obstructs domestic and international scrutiny of its human rights record, insisting it is an attempt to destabilize the country.

15. Human Rights Violations Continued China has many restrictions on freedom of speech and media. China must approve all books before publication. PRC prohibits all religious activities that does not include state- recognized religions such as Buddhism, Taoism, Christianity, and Islam. Violators have been arrested, placed under surveillance, fined and even tortured.