1. Pam Lobb Curriculum and Instruction University of Virginia 2011

2. Questions for research: How did students’ self-awareness of their own biases and perspectives change during a multicultural education course? Which instructional strategies did students perceive effectively supported their growth toward self-awareness and multicultural competence? Did a curriculum based on Banks’ Social Action Approach support students moving through Bennett’s stages in the Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity?

3. Research Paradigm

4. Continuum of stages in Bennett’s Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity DenialDefenseMinimizationAcceptanceAdaptionIntegration Light green stages are Ethnocentric. Dark green stages are Ethnorelative.

5. * Where 1 is the Denial stage, 2 is Defense, 3 is Minimization, 4 is Acceptance, 5 is Adaption, 6 is Integration

6. Student ranked instructional strategies

7. What does this study mean for institutions trying to support student’s becoming multiculturally competent?

8. Mitakuye Oyasin!