1. Ron Cherry, Maged Fam and Emiliano López
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Logging, development and evolution as a fundamental evaluation tool in the reservoir management
Ron Cherry, Maged Fam and Emiliano López

2. Geological & Reservoir
Overview
Formation Evaluation Problems
High uncertainty in reservoir evaluation using conventional Log Analysis, due to:
Multilayer reservoirs made up of an average of 20 stacked layers, about 5 mt. each.
Low formation water salinity
Several water/oil and gas/light oil contacts randomly distributed throughout a rock column of mts. (average 1500 to 2500 mts.)
Complex lithology (shaly and tuffaceous sand reservoirs)
Different hydrocarbon types

3. Core Porosity vs Permeability
Permeability (md)
Core measurements on samples from about 60 wells, 800 samples from San Jorge Basin
Porosity (%)
Permeability (md)

4. Grain Density Vs Core Porosity
Matrix Density Distribution in so called “Sandstone” from San Jorge Basin
Grain Density Vs Core Porosity
Core Porosity (%)
Grain Density (G/c3)

5. MRI Core Porosity vs. Core Porosity
San Jorge Basin
MRI Core Porosity (%)
Core Porosity (%)
Core Porosity Vs MRI Core Porosity

6. Geometric Mean T2 Cutoff vs. Depth
Geometric Mean T2 Cutoff (ms)
Depth (m)
Geometric Mean T2 Cutoff Vs. Depth
The high degree of variation in the T2 cutoff range may cause some inconsistencies in the final Interpretation.
Thus the SBVI method is a better technique for determining BVI.

7. Spectral Bulk Volume Irreductible
SBVI
SBVI Coef.
0.0XXX

8. Core Permeability and MRI Permeability Models
Vs Depth
Core Permeability and MRI Permeability Models (md)
Depth (m)
Core Permeability and MRI Permeability Models Vs Depth
N.B.: MRI Permeability data is based on SVBI model

9. Core Permeability Vs MRI Permeability Models
MRI Permeability Models (md)
Core Permeability (md)
MRI Permeability Models Vs Core Permeability
N.B.: MRI Permeability data is based on SVBI model

10. Reservoir Properties &
MRIL Life Cycle
Met reservoir
Objectives
Specify Objectives
Reservoir Properties &
Problems
Borehole
Conditions
Size, mud, temp….etc
Test Results
Yes
MRIL
Pre-job
Planning
Compare No
Data
Processing
&
Interpretation
Prognosis
Selection of Zones
to Test
STIMRIL
Activation
Logging speed
Field Log QC
Resistivity
log
Core Analysis
if available

11. Acquisition Parameters
MRI Forward Model
water
oil
gas
Tool Physics
Acquisition Parameters
G, TE, TW
water
oil
gas
MRIL
Forward
Modeling
Planner
Expected Fm. Fluid
Properties
Temp., Pressure &
Viscosity
water
oil
Mud Properties
Borehole Size

12. Petrophysical Solution!!! MRI Specific Acquisition and
Interpretation Techniques
“one logging pass”
EDM
Enhanced Diffusion Method (Hydrocarbons 2-50 cp)
TDA
Time Domain Analysis (Hydrocarbons < 2 cp)

13. But….!!!

14. 1800 L/H 75 % SW 2400 L/H 100 % SW MRI Prognosis: Heavy OIL
ShortTE
LongTE
MRI Prognosis:
Heavy OIL
1800 L/H
75 % SW
MRI Prognosis:
Water
2400 L/H
100 % SW

15. Special Design for Heavy OIL detection… MRIL Ultra Long TE Activation
How can we distinguish
Heavy OIL from Water ???
Special Design for Heavy OIL detection…
MRIL Ultra Long TE Activation

16. 1800 L/H 75 % SW 2400 L/H 100 % SW MRI Prognosis: Heavy OIL
ShortTE
LongTE
UltraLongTE
MRI Prognosis:
Heavy OIL
1800 L/H
75 % SW
MRI Prognosis:
Water
2400 L/H
100 % SW

17. Heavy OIL Detection Example
ShortTE
LongTE
UltraLongTE
Initial Test Result (8hs Swabbing): 2400 L/H – 100% SW
Final Test Result (24hs Swabbing): 2400 L/H – 88% SW

18. Halliburton Question regarding details on test results
Dear Customer:
“…If We understand well, the formation was producing water for 8 hours before starting to produce Oil …??
You have insisted to keep it producing because there was a very good signal on the MRI Ultra-Long Te activation,….. Is that correct …??...”
Customer’s response
“It's correct...It has been a very good news today, because up to yesterday, we couldn't believe that from that signal it would be only water... We insisted and it was 2400 l/h x 88% of water (may be the amount of water would have declined if we would wait more time... but for us it was enough seeing some oil)…”

19. Fluid Typing: Light OIL
MRI Prognosis
Light Oil w/ HGOR
Composite Log MRI Interpretation EDM + TDA
Shot-Te/Long-Tw
TDA
Long-Te/Long-TW
Dif. S.-Te/L.TW-S.Tw
EDM
Flow
920 L/H
40 % SW
PVH1083

20. Fluid Typing: GAS Flow x 12mm Wet GAS P/D 280psi P/E 1560 psi PVH990
MRI Prognosis
Light OIL
MRI Prognosis
GAS
Flow x 12mm
Wet GAS
P/D 280psi
P/E 1560 psi
PVH990
MRI Prognosis
GAS

21. Halliburton’s Reservoir Fluids Prognosis Sheet
Based on MRIL Interpretation

22. Conclusions
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Logs as a fundamental evaluation tool in the reservoir Management
Determination of Porosity, Independent to Matrix
Determination of Bulk Volume Irreducible Water
Reliable Permeability Indicator (absolute after Calibration)
Identify Fluid Type (Gas, Oil & Water) by zone
Identification of Rock Quality…Permeability, Porosity & Clay
Determine variations of Hydrocarbon types (Resistivity independent)…
…Heavy, Intermediate, Light Oil or Gas
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