1. The Endocrine System

2. What Is Endocrine System?
Introduction
What Is Endocrine System?

4. Endocrine System Function
The Endocrine System is a collection of glands that secretes different hormones for the various functions and chemical reactions occurring within the body.
Main function – to maintain a stable environment within your body or homeostasis.
Major function – promoting the structural change of the body.

5. Structural and Functional connection between Endocrine and Nervous System
Structure – Some Endocrine glands contain nerve tissues
Chemical some substances, such as adrenaline, act as both hormones and neurotransmitters.
Function – body systems work together in controlling physiological processes.
Along with the Nervous System, the Endocrine System provides integration of the different organs and tissues, If one does not work, the other organs malfunction. too

6. Principal Parts of the Endocrine System
Endocrine glands that secrete hormones. Although there are eight major endocrine glands scattered throughout the body, they are still considered to be one system because they have similar functions, similar mechanisms of influence, and many important interrelationships.
Hormones are your body's chemical messengers. They travel in your bloodstream to tissues or organs. They work slowly, over time, and affect many different processes, including
Growth and development
Metabolism Sexual function
Reproduction
Mood

8. Glands and their Hormones
There are 8 Major Glands:
Hypothalamus glands
Pituitary gland
Parathyroid Gland
Thyroid Gland
Pancreas
Ovaries
Testes

9. Hypothalamus Gland
Is located at the base of specialized cells that are located in the lower central part of the brain
Is the main link between the endocrine and nervous system

10. Pituitary Gland
Is located at the base of the brain just below the hypothalamus.
Is known as the master gland
Secretes hormones on the basis of the emotional and seasoal changes
Divided into two part: the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe

11. Anterior Lobe – regulates the activity of the thyroid, adrenals, and the reproductive glands.
Produce hormones:
Growth Hormone – Growth f the bones and tissues
Prolactin – production of milk
Thyrothropin – stimulate thryoid gland to
produce thyroid hormones
Carticotropin – Stimulate adrenal glands to
certain hormones

12. Posterior Lobe – Of the pituitary gland produces antidiuretic hormone that helps to control the water balance in the body
Produce Hormone:
Endorphins – a hormone that signal the
reprocutive glands to secrete hormones
Oxytoxins – trigger the contractions of the
uterus in the woman who is in labor

13. Is situated in the front part of the lower neck that is shaped like a bowtie or a butterfly
Produce hormone:
Thyroxine – control the rate at which the cell
use up energy from foof for production of
energy
Calcitonin – growth in bones and the
development of the brain
Thyroid Gland

14. Regulate calcium and phosphate balance in the blood plasma
Produce Hormone:
Calcitinin – regulates the level of calcium in bloodproduced by the thyroid
Parathyroid Gland

15. Located on top of each of the kidney ; has two parts which are:
Cortex (outer portion)
Cortisol – that regulates the metabolism (salt and
water levels) proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
Medulla(inner portion)
Adrenaline – are emergency glands and it increases
the blood pressure and heart rate when the body is
under stress
Adrenal Gland

16. These glands are associatd with the digestive system of the human body
These glands are associatd with the digestive system of the human body. They secrete digestive enzymes
Produce Hormones
Insulin – controls the storage of sugar in the
liver and sugar breakdown in tissues
Glucagon – converts glycogen to glucose and
this process occurs when blood glucose
concentration is slow
Pancreas

17. Sex Gonads
Male and female reproductive system contains glands; male have prostate gland and Cowper's gland while female have glands that are found in the uterus that lines the mucus membrane in the uterus
Hormone produce
Testes
Testosterone – sex hormones of the male
Ovaries
Estrogen – hormone for sexual maturation(during puberty)
Progesterone – involved in the regulation of menstrual cycle

18. Pineal gland
Is located in the center of the brain. MELATONIN is secreted by this gland that helps regulate the sleeping cycle of person

19. Disorders of the Endocrine System
Diabetes insipidus
is caused by deficient pituitary secretion of vasopressin (also called antidiuretic hormone or ADH), or by the kidneys' inability to respond to the vasopressin hormone. The kidneys' inability to respond to vasopressin can be caused by various drugs and diseases. The reasons for the pituitary's decreased secretion of vasopressin include pituitary tumor, pituitary cyst, head trauma, and unknown factors. The following discussion pertains to deficient secretion of vasopressin by the pituitary gland. .