1. 1293 Airport Road Beaver, WV 25813 Phone: (304) 253-8674 Fax: (304) 253-7758 E-mail: hazmat@iuoeiettc.org Asbestos-Awareness Training 1910.1001

2. This material was produced under grant number 46C5-HT16 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

3. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program3 Asbestos 1910.1001 This lesson will cover all occupational exposures to asbestos in all industries covered by the OSHA. Exceptions: Construction Shipbuilding, repairing or breaking

4. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program4 Asbestos 1910.1001 Definitions 1. Asbestos : Includes chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite asbestos, anthophyllite asbestos, actinolite asbestos, and any of these minerals that have been chemically treated and/or altered

5. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program5 Asbestos 1910.1001 Definitions 2. Asbestos-containing material (ACM) : Any material that contains more than 1% asbestos 3. Employee exposure : The exposure to airborne asbestos that would occur if the employee were not using respiratory protective equipment

6. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program6 Asbestos 1910.1001 Definitions 4. Fiber : a particulate form of asbestos, 5 micrometers or longer, with a length to diameter ratio of at least 3 to 1 5. Regulated area : an area established by the employer to demarcate areas where airborne concentrations of asbestos exceed the permissible exposure limits

7. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program7 Asbestos 1910.1001 Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) Time-Weighted Average (TWA) No employee is to be exposed to an airborne concentration of asbestos in excess of 0.1 fibers per cubic centimeter (f/cc) of air as an 8-hour TWA.

8. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program8 Asbestos 1910.1001 Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) Excursion Limit The employer shall ensure that no employee is exposed to an airborne concentration of asbestos in excess of 1.0 f/cc as averaged over a sampling period of 30 minutes.

9. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program9 Asbestos 1910.1001 Air Exposure Monitoring Breathing zone samples Determinations of employee exposure shall be made from breathing zone air samples that are representative of the 8-hour TWA and 30-minute short- term exposures of each employee.

10. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program10 Asbestos 1910.1001 Air Exposure Monitoring Initial monitoring Each employer who has a workplace or work operation covered by this standard shall perform initial monitoring of employees who are expected to be exposed to airborne concentrations.

11. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program11 Asbestos 1910.1001 Air Exposure Monitoring Frequency and patterns Samples should be taken so that they represent the levels of exposure to the employees with reasonable accuracy. Samples should be taken at intervals no greater than six months for employees who may be exposed.

12. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program12 Asbestos 1910.1001 Air Exposure Monitoring Methods of monitoring 1. All samples taken shall be personal samples 2. All samples taken shall be evaluated using the OSHA Reference Method 3. Employers must use the results of monitoring analysis performed by laboratories which have instituted quality assurance programs that include the elements prescribed in Appendix A

13. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program13 Asbestos 1910.1001 Air Exposure Monitoring Employee notification and access of results The employer shall notify the affected employees of these results in writing within 15 working days. It shall be either posted in work area or given individually.

14. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program14 Asbestos 1910.1001 Regulated areas (e)(1-9) Setup The employer shall establish regulated areas wherever airborne concentrations of asbestos and/or PACM are in excess of the TWA and/or excursion limits.

15. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program15 Asbestos 1910.1001 Regulated areas (e)(1-9) Demarcation Regulated areas shall be demarcated from the rest of the workplace in any manner that minimizes the number of persons who will be exposed to asbestos.

16. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program16 Asbestos 1910.1001 Regulated areas (e)(1-9) Access Access to regulated areas shall be limited to authorized persons or to persons authorized by the Act or regulations issued pursuant thereto.

17. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program17 Asbestos 1910.1001 Regulated areas (e)(1-9) Respirators Each person entering a regulated area shall be supplied with and required to use a respirator.

18. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program18 Asbestos 1910.1001 Regulated areas (e)(1-9) Prohibited areas The employer shall ensure that employees do not eat, drink, smoke, chew tobacco or gum, or apply cosmetics in the regulated areas.

19. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program19 Asbestos 1910.1001 Methods of compliance (f)(1-3) In order to reduce and maintain employee exposure limits, the methods of compliance shall be applied. Engineering controls & Work practices 1. Respiratory protection shall be used wherever the controls & practices are not sufficient enough to reduce employee exposure.

20. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program20 Asbestos 1910.1001 Methods of compliance (f)(1-3) Engineering controls & Work practices 2. Exhaust ventilation and dust collection systems shall be installed where needed. Example: hand and power-operated tools producing the release of asbestos fibers.

21. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program21 Asbestos 1910.1001 Methods of compliance (f)(1-3) Engineering controls & Work practices 3. Asbestos should be handled in a wet state in order to prevent airborne fibers.

22. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program22 Asbestos 1910.1001 Methods of compliance (f)(1-3) Engineering controls & Work practices 4. Compressed air shall not be used to remove asbestos unless it is used in conjunction with a ventilation system which effectively captures the dust cloud created by the compressed air.

23. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program23 Asbestos 1910.1001 Compliance program TWA and /or excursion limit exceeded When the above takes place, the employer shall establish and implement a written program to reduce employee exposure by means of engineering and work practice controls. This written program will be reviewed and updated as necessary to comply with employer’s compliance program.

24. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program24 Asbestos 1910.1001 Compliance program Written program A written program shall be submitted upon request for examination and copying to the Assistant Secretary, the director, affected employees and designated employee representatives.

25. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program25 Asbestos 1910.1001 Compliance program Employee rotation prohibited The employer shall not use employee rotation as a means of compliance with the TWA and/or excursion limit.

26. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program26 Asbestos 1910.1001 Respiratory protection (g)(1-4) The employer shall provide respirators, and ensure that they are used where required. These respirators shall be provided at no cost to the employee and they must be approved by MSHA and NIOSH.

27. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program27 Asbestos 1910.1001 Respiratory protection (g)(1-4) Fit testing (g)(4)(i-ii) The employer shall ensure that the respirator issued to the employee exhibits the least possible facepiece leakage and that the respirator is fitted properly.

28. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program28 Asbestos 1910.1001 Respiratory protection (g)(1-4) Fit testing (g)(4)(i-ii) For employees wearing negative pressure respirators, employers shall perform either quantitative or qualitative face fit tests at the time of initial fitting and at least every six months thereafter. Negative Pressure Test

29. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program29 Asbestos 1910.1001 Protective work clothing and equipment (h)(1-3) The employer shall provide the employee with appropriate protective work clothing and equipment at no cost to the employee. This includes equipment/clothing not limited to: Coveralls, gloves, head covering, foot coverings, face shields, and vented goggles.

30. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program30 Asbestos 1910.1001 Protective work clothing and equipment (h)(1-3) Removal and storage 1. A room shall be provided for changing work clothing contaminated with asbestos. 2. Contaminated work clothing shall be placed and stored in closed containers which prevent dispersion of the asbestos outside the container.

31. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program31 Asbestos 1910.1001 Protective work clothing and equipment (h)(1-3) Removal and storage 3. Containers of contaminated protective devices or work clothing which are to be taken out of change rooms for cleaning, maintenance or disposal, shall bear appropriate labels.

32. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program32 Asbestos 1910.1001 Protective work clothing and equipment (h)(1- 3) Cleaning and replacement 1. It is the responsibility of the employer to clean, launder, repair, or replace protective clothing and equipment to maintain the effectiveness of the articles. This should be done at least weekly.

33. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program33 Asbestos 1910.1001 Protective work clothing and equipment (h)(1-3) Cleaning and replacement 2. Blowing and shaking are prohibited when dealing with the removal of asbestos. 3. Laundering should be carefully executed to prevent the release of airborne fibers. This information should be made clear to anyone dealing with the soiled equipment.

34. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program34 Asbestos 1910.1001 Hygiene facilities and practices (i)(1-4) Change rooms Clean change rooms are required for employees who work in areas where their airborne exposure to asbestos is above the TWA and/or excursion limit. Two separate lockers are provided in order to prevent contamination of the employee’s street clothes from his/her work clothes.

35. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program35 Asbestos 1910.1001 Hygiene facilities and practices (i)(1-4) Showers 1. Employers are to insure that all employees exposed above the limits of the TWA and/or the excursion limit shower at the end of a work shift. 2. These employees are not to leave the workplace wearing any clothing or equipment worn during the work shift.

36. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program36 Asbestos 1910.1001 Hygiene facilities and practices (i)(1-4) Lunchrooms Lunchroom facilities shall be provided for employees who work in areas where their airborne exposure is above the TWA and/or excursion limit. People employed in this area are to wash their hands and faces prior to eating, drinking, or smoking.

37. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program37 Asbestos 1910.1001 Hygiene facilities and practices (i)(1-4) Smoking is prohibited Employees are not to smoke in work areas where they are occupationally exposed to asbestos because of activities in that work area.

38. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program38 Asbestos 1910.1001 Hazard communication (j)(1-8) Employers and building owners responsibility 1. To determine presence, location and quantity of ACM (Asbestos Containing Material) and /or PACM (Presumed ACM). 2. Maintain records for duration of ownership and transferred to successive owners.

39. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program39 Asbestos 1910.1001 Hazard communication (j)(1-8) Employers and building owners responsibility 3. Employers shall inform employees who will perform housekeeping duties in these areas containing ACM or PACM.

40. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program40 Asbestos 1910.1001 Hazard communication (j)(1-8) Warning signs 1. Warning sings shall be provided and displayed at each regulated area and all approaches to these areas so protective measures can be taken before entering. 2. Employers are to insure that workers understand these warnings.

41. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program41 Asbestos 1910.1001 Hazard communication (j)(1-8) Warning signs 3. At the entrance to mechanical rooms in which employees reasonably can be expected to enter and which contain ACM and/or PACM, the building owner shall post signs which identify the material present, its location, and the work practices to be followed.

42. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program42 Asbestos 1910.1001 Hazard communication (j)(1-8) Warning labels 1. Labels shall be affixed to all raw materials, mixtures, scrap, waste, debris, and other products containing asbestos fibers such as ACM or PACM. 2. The labels shall comply with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.1200(f)

43. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program43 Asbestos 1910.1001 Hazard communication (j)(1-8) Warning label exceptions 1. Asbestos fibers have been modified so that no airborne concentrations of fibers of asbestos are in excess of the TWA PEL or concentrations of said product are less than 1%.

44. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program44 Asbestos 1910.1001 Employee training and information 1. Employers shall institute a training program for all employees who are exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos at or above the PEL. 2. This training shall be provided prior to or at the time of initial assignment and at least annually thereafter.

45. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program45 Asbestos 1910.1001 Employee training and information 3. Employees who perform housekeeping operations in the affected area shall also be provided with an asbestos awareness training course. The program shall comply with subparagraph (7)(iii)(A-J)

46. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program46 Asbestos 1910.1001 Employee training and information 4. Access to information Employers shall make a copy of the 29 CFR 1910.1001 regulation and its appendices readily available without cost to all affected employees.

47. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program47 Asbestos 1910.1001 Housekeeping 1. All surfaces shall remain as free as practicable of ACM waste and debris and accompanying dust. 2. All spills must be cleaned immediately. 3. Compressed air use prohibited 4. HEPA-filtered vacuuming equipment must be used for asbestos clean up.

48. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program48 Asbestos 1910.1001 Housekeeping 5. Waste shall be placed in sealed impermeable bags or containers. 6. Where flooring materials contain ACM: a. Sanding is prohibited b. Strip with low abrasion pads at speeds lower than 300 rpm and wet methods.

49. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program49 Asbestos 1910.1001 Medical surveillance (i) 1. Employers shall institute a medical surveillance program for all employees who are or will be exposed to airborne concentrations of fibers of asbestos at or above TWA or excursion limit. 2. Periodic examinations shall be made available annually at no cost to employees.

50. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program50 Asbestos 1910.1001 Medical surveillance (i) 3. All examinations are to be performed by licensed physicians. 4. Before employee exposure, a pre-placement medical examination shall be provided or made available by the employer.

51. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program51 Asbestos 1910.1001 Medical surveillance (i) 5. A termination of employment medical examination is necessary within 30 days prior to or after termination. This will consist of: a. Medical and work history b. All system exam c. Completion of respiratory disease d. Questionnaire, chest x-ray, pulmonary function test

52. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program52 Asbestos 1910.1001 Medical surveillance (i) The employer shall obtain a written signed opinion from the examining physician. This written opinion shall contain the results of the medical examination, revealing specific findings related to occupational exposure to asbestos only.

53. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program53 Asbestos 1910.1001 Medical surveillance (i) The physician’s written opinion shall include: 1. Any detected medical conditions that would place the employee at an increased risk of material health if exposed to asbestos 2. Any recommended limitations of protective equipment.

54. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program54 Asbestos 1910.1001 Medical surveillance (i) The physician’s written opinion shall include: 3. A statement that the employee has been informed by the physician of the results of the medical examination and any medical conditions resulting from exposure to asbestos.

55. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program55 Asbestos 1910.1001 Medical surveillance (i) The physician’s written opinion shall include: 4. A statement that the employee has been informed by the physician of the increased risk of lung cancer attributable to the combined effect of smoking and asbestos exposure.

56. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program56 Asbestos 1910.1001 Medical surveillance (i) The employer shall provide a copy of the physician’s written opinion to the affected employee within 30 days from its receipt.

57. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program57 Asbestos 1910.1001 Recordkeeping Exposure measurements - The employer shall keep an accurate record of all measurements taken to monitor employee exposure to asbestos. This record is to be maintained for 30 years. Objective data for exempted operations - The employer shall keep an accurate record of data relied upon in support of the exemption.

58. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program58 Asbestos 1910.1001 Recordkeeping Medical surveillance - Records shall be maintained for each employee subject to medical surveillance for duration of employment plus 30 years. Training - Records shall be maintained for 1 year beyond the last date of employment of that employee.

59. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program59 Asbestos 1910.1001 Observation of monitoring Affected employees shall be provided with the opportunity to observe any monitoring of employee exposure to asbestos. They must comply with all safety and health procedures while doing so.

60. This material was produced under grant number 46C5-HT16 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

61. Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program61 End This publication was made possible by grant numbers 5 U45 ES06182-07 and 5 U45 ES09763-07 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH with funds from EPA and DOE. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS, NIH, EPA, or DOE.