1. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 1 Interchange Capacity between Portugal and Spain Methodology, Evolution and its use in the MIBEL environment Rui Pestana 2 nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007

2. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 2 1.Methodology ETSO REN & REE 2.Evolution Structural (investments) Not Structural (investigation) 3.Use Yearly : 2001-2006 Monthly : Jan-Nov 2007 oMIBEL (>1-Jul-2007) Interchange Capacity between Portugal and Spain

3. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 3 ETSO – European Transmission System Operator TTC – Total Transfer Capacity NTC – Net Transfer Capacity oNTC = TTC – TRM TRM – Transmission Reliability Margin AAC – Already Allocated Capacity ATC – Available Transmission Capacity oATC = NTC – AAC Methodology – ETSO

4. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 4 Methodology – ETSO

5. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 5 1.Parallel Flows It is not possible to define an NTC for all pairs of countries Methodology – Limitations

6. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 6 2.Program versus Physical The generation Shift is not equal to Physical flow change at the tie-lines Methodology – Limitations oNTF – Notified Transmission Flow oTTF – Total Transfer Flow

7. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 7 Generation Shift oStart with base case including some Import/Export flow oIncrease Generation on system A  Limited by Generation Capacity oDecrease Generation on system B Methodology – Computation

8. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 8 Export of Portugal –It maybe limit Generation capacity in Portugal –The hydro (run-of-river) is not mobilized –The renewable (wind) is also not mobilized Methodology – Computation

9. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 9 Import from Spain –There is no limit in the Generation capacity, since we may import from France (in theory) Methodology – Computation

10. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 10 Generation Shift oNo load changes oTSO A computes  For Generation in A  It uses economic merit order (economical signal)  For Generation in B  It uses pro-rata order (no economical signal)  These differences may be justified because the limit from A to B computed by A is different from the computation by B. In ETSO all TSO must provide reference save cases (winter and Summer)  Where all network elements are available (not realistic) Methodology – Computation

11. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 11 Summer and Winter NTC in Europe www.etso-net.org Methodology – ETSO

12. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 12 New procedure on the Iberian Methodology –Horizons –Time date to deliver data and results –Unavailability of network and generation That influence the Interchange Capacity More realistic than ETSO –Generation order merit More realistic than ETSO Methodology – REN and REE

13. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 13 New procedure on the Iberian Methodology –TRM - Transmission Reliability Margin 10% of the Capacity with a minimum of 100 MW  Covers errors on the network model used for the computation  Covers Load forecast errors  Covers Renewable Generation forecast errors –Network security rules for each TSO  Contingency analysis is also applied in foreign network  Each TSO checks its network limits  Overload in foreign network is ignored  Different results may show up ! Methodology – REN and REE

14. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 14 Horizons –Yearly REN : Monthly discrimination (ERSE, Hydrology) REE : Season discrimination –Trimester Work day and weekend peak and off-peak discrimination –Monthly Daily peak and off-peak discrimination –Weekly For two weeks Hourly discrimination Methodology – REN and REE

15. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 15 Firmness (situation before MIBEL) Methodology – REN and REE

16. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 16 PTR – Physical Transmission Rights –After the Capacity is given in the daily market, if there is a need to reduce the interchange capacity, the TSO uses “counter trading” to guarantee the Transmission Rights Auction –“Use it or get paid for it” Methodology – REN and REE

17. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 17 Capacity work flow MIBEL : Market ( OMEL + OMIP/OMIClear ) + TSO ( REE + REN) 123456

18. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 18 1.Methodology ETSO REN & REE 2.Evolution Structural (investments) Not Structural (investigations) 3.Use Yearly : 2001-2006 Monthly : Jan-Nov 2007 oMIBEL (>1-Jul-2007) Interchange Capacity between Portugal and Spain

19. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 19 Situation in 2002 –2 x 400 kV Alto Lindoso – Cartelle Falagueira - Cedillo –3 x 220 kV Bemposta – Aldeadávila Pocinho – Aldeadávila Pocinho – Saucelle Evolution of the Tie Lines

20. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 20 Work plan : 1 st Phase (until 2008) –New tie lines LALCTL LAVBAL –Upgrade Corridor on Tagus Corridor on Douro Evolution of the Tie Lines

21. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 21 Situation in 2006 –4 x 400 kV 2 x Alto Lindoso – Cartelle Falagueira – Cedillo Alqueva - Balboa –3 x 220 kV Bemposta – Aldeadávila Pocinho – Aldeadávila Pocinho – Saucelle Evolution of the Tie Lines

22. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 22 Where the Energy Flows ? Monthly Net Flow in 2006 by tie lines (+) Portugal to Spain Evolution of the Tie Lines

23. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 23 Where the Energy Flows ? We have (±)43% of loop flows Evolution of the Tie Lines 2x58% 7% 2x14% 17% 19%

24. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 24 Upgrade in Douro corridor –New Substation at International Douro Lagoaça : 400/220 kV –To avoid the loop flows –New 400 kV Line Evolution of the Tie Lines

25. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 25 Uprating on Tagus corridor Evolution of the Tie Lines

26. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 26 New tie lines –Algarve Evolution of the Tie Lines

27. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 27 High Speed Rail –Requires 400 kV Double phase load Needs a very high short circuit current Evolution of the Tie Lines

28. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 28 High Speed Rail –Porto – Vigo Will increase Import Capacity Populated region Evolution of the Tie Lines

29. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 29 High Speed Rail –Évora – Badajoz Evolution of the Tie Lines

30. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 30 Situation in 201? –8 x 400 kV –3 x 220 kV Evolution of the Tie Lines

31. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 31 When we solve the “bottleneck of the tie-lines” we get congestions on the internal lines –Uprating From 50ºC to 75ºC From 50ºC to 85ºC From Bear to Zebra From Zebra to Zambeze –Upgrade From 150 kV to 220 kV From 220 kV to 400 kV Evolution of the Network

32. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 32 Uprating since 1999 2007 value is estimated Evolution of the Network We have uprated 35% of the lines

33. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 33 Temperature of conductors Thermal equilibrium Investigation : Real Time Ratings

34. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 34 Temperature of conductors Static values Real Time Ratings I – current – dynamic R – Solar Radiation – static = 1000 W/m2 Ta – Ambient Temperature – reference W – Wind speed – static = 0.6m/s = 2ft/s

35. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 35 R – Solar Radiation – dynamic Summer case : 12 th July 2005 During Peak load the Solar radiation is 1000 W/m2 Real Time Ratings

36. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 36 R – Solar Radiation – dynamic Winter case : 27 th January 2005 During Peak load the Solar radiation is 0 W/m2 Real Time Ratings

37. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 37 Weather Conditions – for off-line Studies Ambient Temperature –After sunrise : Monthly reference temperature –Before sunrise : Monthly reference temperature minus 5ºC Real Time Ratings

38. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 38 Weather Conditions – for off-line Studies Ambient Temperature –After sunrise : Monthly reference temperature –Before sunrise : Monthly reference temperature minus 5ºC Solar Radiation –During day time : 1000 W/m2 –During night time : 0 W/m2 Real Time Ratings

39. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 39 Weather Conditions – for off-line Studies During the off-peak hours the price in the pool is lower and we trade more, so we need more capacity on the network (and it’s there) Real Time Ratings

40. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 40 Temperature of conductors Dynamic values Real Time Ratings I – current – dynamic R – Solar Radiation – dynamic Ta – Ambient Temperature – dynamic W – Wind speed – static = 0.6m/s = 2ft/s

41. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 41 CAT-1 pilot project –To validate the hypotheses Real Time Ratings

42. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 42 CAT-1 Installation in 2004 –GSM uplink Real Time Ratings

43. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 43 CAT-1 upgrade in 2005 –FO link to SCADA Real Time Ratings

44. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 44 1.Methodology ETSO REN & REE 2.Evolution Structural (investments) Not Structural (investigation) 3.Use Yearly : 2001-2006 Monthly : Jan-Nov 2007 oMIBEL (>1-Jul-2007) Interchange Capacity between Portugal and Spain

45. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 45 oThey are not equal oThe importing country tends to limit the flow  It is easier to export problems Yearly results : REN and REE

46. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 46 oIn case of the exporting country is limiting the capacity, it is caused by generation capacity and not by network capacity  In theory there is no network restrictions Yearly results : REN and REE

47. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 47 Monthly results : REN

48. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 48 Monthly results : REE

49. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 49 Weekly results : REN - Export

50. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 50 Weekly results : REN - Import

51. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 51 Weekly results : REE - Export

52. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 52 Weekly results : REE - Import

53. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 53 Weekly results : REE + REN

54. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 54 Weekly results : REE + REN - Import

55. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 55 Results : 2001 to 2007 (Nov) Export : Portugal to Spain Significant increase from 2004 to 2005 Decrease in 2006 –Less generation to export

56. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 56 Results : 2001 to 2007 (Nov) Import : Spain to Portugal 2004 : Best in guarantee 2005 : Maximum value 2006 : small decrease

57. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 57 Interchange Capacity : 2001 to 2007 (Nov) There is NO guarantee that we can import or export all the time Number of hours with NO capacity

58. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 58 Use in 2005 Maintenance in August

59. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 59 Use in 2006 Maintenance in August

60. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 60 Use in 2007 (until 22-Nov-2007) MIBEL started at 1-Jul-2007

61. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 61 Use in 2007 (until 22-Nov-2007) November 2007 (incomplete) In Spain : –10 GW of Thermal power plants not available –10 GW of Hydro power plants with no water

62. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 62 MIBEL – Iberian pool Market Split – Why? If the Interchange Capacity is limiting the Market, it will split the Iberian Market and we have two market prices: Portuguese and Spanish. Vendors Energy Prices Buyers

63. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 63 MIBEL – Iberian pool Market Split – Why? If the Interchange Capacity is limiting the Market, it will split the Iberian Market and we have two market prices: Portuguese and Spanish. Congestion Rent * Price in Portugal Price in Spain Buyers Vendors Energy in Portugal, including imports from Spain Buyers Vendors Energy in Spain, including exports to Portugal *

64. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 64 Conclusions What is the amount of interchange capacity need for MIBEL ? –In the beginning, the prices are too different, thus we need more capacity than what we have –In the end, when we have the same price, zero capacity is enough –New players installing additional generation in Portugal will decrease the pressure (2009/2010) What is the target of the Iberian TSO (REN and REE) ? –3000 MW in the next decade Interchange Capacity between Portugal and Spain

65. CEE’07 - International Conference on Electrical Engineering Coimbra, 28 November 2007 65 Thanks WWW.REN.PT rui.pestana@ren.pt