1. Egyptian Pharaohs Egypt 3000 B.C.E. – 30 B.C.E.

2. Pharaoh The Rulers who controlled Egypt from the Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, to the New Kingdom

3. Narmer or Menes ~3150 B.C.E. United Upper and Lower Egypt Thus, establishing the First Dynasty of Egypt

4. Khufu (Cheops) Built the Great Pyramid Reigned in 4 th dynasty 2589-2566 B.C.E.

5. Hatshepsut 18 th Dynasty 1479-1458 B.C.E. Daughter of Thutmose I Married half brother Thutmose II Successful reign Long time of peace Reestablished trading (Nubia/Kush) Ruled 20 years

6. Thutmose III 1479 – 1425 B.C.E. Step mother Hatshepsut Expanded the Egyptian empire after taking over after her death Tried to erase all evidence of Hatshepsut’s reign

7. Tutankhamun (King Tut) 1332 -1323 B.C.E. 18 th Dynasty Tomb was the first that had not been raided Tomb Discovered by Howard Carter & George Herbert in 1922 Ruled 10 years and died at the age of 19

8. Ramses II 1279 – 1213 B.C.E. AKA: Ramses the Great Step brother to Moses Expanded the empire First ruler to have a peace treaty with his enemies Wife Nefertiti Ruled 66 years 19th Dynasty

9. Nefertari Favorite wife of Ramses II Was considered to be very beautiful Had 11 children – none inherited the throne, died young Married Ramses II in 1312 BCE Died 1250 BCE and buried in the Valley of the Kings in the most elaborate tomb

10. Cleopatra VII 69 B.C.E. – 30 B.C.E. Descendent of the Greek Ptolemy family /General Ruled with Father and later her brothers Became sole ruler Had a son by Julius Caesar (Caesarian) Married and had twins by Marc Antony Killed herself after the death of Marc Antony by snake bite Was the last pharaoh of Egypt Roman rule began at her death