1. Chapter 3 sec. 4
Origins of Judaism

2. Palestine Phoenicians lived here
Romans named the area Palestine(philistines)
Canaan- Home of the Hebrews(this land was promised to them in the Bible)
They will be a major influence on Western culture- also Islam,Christianity

3. Jerusalem Holy city for all 3 major religions Always trouble here
All feel it is “their land”

4. Geography To the east-Babylon,to the west-Egypt
Seaports on the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea
These are the most important waterways of the time!

6. How do we know about this culture?
Bible-The first 5 books of the Bible tell us
This is called the Torah
Most sacred writings of their traditions
Christians call them the old testament

7. Abraham The father of the Hebrews He lived in Ur
God tells him to go to Canaan
He goes there about 1800B.C.
1650B.C. his descendants go to Egypt

8. Hebrews are monotheistic
Yahweh-I am your only god
They believe he has power over all
Not a physical being
Abraham promises to obey god
God will then protect them
This is called the Covenant

9. Moses/Egypt Jews go to Egypt fearing drought/famine
Joseph/amazing Technicolor dream coat
They are eventually forced into slavery
Jews flee Egypt -The Exodus
Moses is the one that leads them to safety-The parting of the sea
10 commandments-the basis of jewish law
Given to Moses by God

11. The twelve tribes of the Hebrew nation
They were nomads
They return to Canaan/become city dwellres
12 tribes live in separate territories/self governing
Tribes will unite in times of crisis

12. Jewish laws The 10 commandments are very much like Hammurabi’s code
Prophets interpret laws
Emphasize equality
You should live life “justly”

13. The religion of the Jewish people
Judasim
The religion of the Jewish people

14. Sacred writings Hebrew Bible Contains basic laws Stories,writings
Tells of Jewish history
Calls for repentance

15. Talmud Written version of Jewish oral laws Explains/interprets Mishnah
Mishnah is the encyclopedia of Jewish history

16. The Kingdom of Israel Jews will move no./so. From Canaan
Tribes are getting smaller
Eventually only Judah tribe is left
Hence the name Jews/Judasim
Saul drives the philistines out of palistine
David, very popular, unites the tribes
Jerusalem is the capital,a dynasty begins

18. King Solomon David’s son Most powerful of Hebrew kings
Helped by Phoenician king to build a trading empire
He will build a great temple to glorify God/ and hold the 10 commandments

19. The kingdom divides Massive temple co$ts big money
High taxes,forced labor is the result
Much discontent
King Solomon dies,north part of kingdom revolts,splits the empire
North-Israel
South-Judah
They will fight each other, sometimes join to fight another

20. The Assyrians Mighty empire
No./So. Pay tributes so they will not be attacked
Doesn't work-Assyrians conquer Samaria,the capital city
722B.C.whole north was under Assyrian control

21. Babylonians The south(Judah) is able to hold on for 150 years more
Babylonians.Assyrians
King Nebuchadnezzar destroys the temple,conquers Judah,586B.C.
Jews exiled to Babylon
539B.C.-Persia conquers Babylon

22. King Cyrus He tells Jews to go back to Jerusalem,rebuild their temple
Some go, some stay
515- Jews build a new temple