1. Earth’s Crust in Motion

3. When the Earth’s plates are in motion, earthquakes may occur. Tier Word Motion-movement.

4. STRESS The movement causes stress in the crust. There are 3 types of stress in the crust Stress -pressure

5. Musical sliders

6. Tensional Stress (gum)

7. Compressional Stress

9. What happens during an earthquake? The stress builds and then releases. This is the energy in an earthquake. An earthquake is the shaking and trembling that is caused by the movement of rock beneath Earth’s surface.

10. Faults Earthquakes are caused by stress at fault lines. A fault line is found at the boundaries of two different lithospheric plates. (it’s the faults fault! ) haaaaaaaaaaaa

12. Strike slip fault Caused by shearing Rocks slip past each other San Andreas Fault

15. Normal faults -the land is pulling apart or stretching. The tension in the crust increases until the rocks fracture. One block of land slips downward Fracture-break

16. Reverse (Thrust) Fault Forms by compression hanging wall slides up and over footwall Formed Appalachian Mountains

18. http://www.iris.edu/gifs/animations/faults.ht m

19. http://science.howstuffworks.com/nature/n atural-disasters/earthquake3.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/nature/n atural-disasters/earthquake3.htm

20. Safety Tips Have an earthquake readiness plan. make your home sturdier, such as bolting bookcases to wall studs, installing trong latches on cupboards, and strapping the water heater to wall Locate a place in each room of the house that you can go to in case of an earthquake. It should be a spot where nothing is likely to fall on you. Keep a supply of canned food, an up-to-date first aid kit, 3 gallons (11.4 liters) of water per person, dust masks and goggles, and a working battery- operated radio and flashlights. Know how to turn off your gas and water mains..

22. Mountain Building Takes millions of years Caused by compression/converging forces Formed by folding –bends in rock that form when compression shortens and thickens part of Earth’s crust

23. Mountain Building Cont. Synclinedip Anti-cline =peak rock bends into an arch Plateau =large area of flat land elevated high above sea level

24. Colorado Plateau

25. Folding

26. upward fold

27. Syncline

29. folded arched rock

30. Anti-Cline-fold

31. Tier words to Know for the Test and Beyond Compress -squeeze Geologic event (earthquakes, volcanoes) Interior-inside Motion -movement Anything that starts with the prefix geo-earth Volcanologist- studies volcanoes Seismologist- studies earthquakes Diverge -separate Converge- come together Transform- slip past Stress –pressure/tension

32. Students Stop Here

33. Teacher notes

34. Questions to Think About Essential Questions: Can we predict earthquakes? Can we predict when volcanoes will erupt? What do earthquakes and volcanoes tell us about what is happening inside the earth and on the surface? Do you have to worry about a volcanic eruption or earthquake where you live? Why or why not ?

35. What students need to know for the long run –Unit Enduring Understandings: – Studying historical earthquakes and volcanic eruptions improves our understanding of earth's processes. –Although it is known where earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are likely to happen, there is currently no reliable way to predict precisely when an event will occur. –Volcanoes and earthquakes indicate the high temperatures and pressures that exist in earth's interior. –Volcanism(volcanic activity) and seismic(earthquake) activity vary across the globe

36. Common misunderstandings What do students typically misunderstand? Earthquakes don’t only occur when whole plates slide past each other. Earthquakes don’t create a gap or hole in the earth's surface. Earthquakes don’t occur at one depth. Lava that erupts out of a volcano does not comes from earth's core. Earthquakes don’t cause volcanic eruptions. Plate boundaries are not the same as faults. Lava does not come out of all volcanic eruptions