1. Chapter 2 - Matter Section 1: Classifying Matter

2. Learning Targets: I can describe what matter is.
I can classify matter based on its composition.

3. What is matter? Anything that has mass and takes up space
What are some examples of items that are not matter?
Light
Sound
Heat

4. Classification of Matter

5. If you had to classify matter into two categories, what would they be?

6. Pure Substances And
Mixtures

7. Classification of Matter
Pure Substance
Matter that has only 1 set of chemical and physical properties.
Example: Pure water always has the exact same chemical and physical properties under the same conditions.
When is water not considered a pure substance?

8. Pure Substances Pure substances can also be divided into 2 categories:
elements
compounds

9. Pure Substances Elements Substances made up of only one type of atom.
- Cannot be separated by any physical OR chemical process.
Examples:
Carbon - C
Helium - He
Gold - Au

10. Pure Substances Compound
Two or more elements chemically bonded together.
Examples:
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Water (H2O)
Salt (NaCl)
Sucrose (C12H22O11)

11. Pure Substances
Compounds have only 1 set of properties. They cannot be separated by any physical process.
- Can only be separated by a chemical reaction.
Water can be separated into Hydrogen and Oxygen by a process called Electrolysis.

12. Mixtures
Mixture
Two or more pure substances mixed together. Each substance in the mixture retains its own set of chemical and physical properties.
Even though it may look different, it is still copper and zinc. Each metal retains its own properties like melting point.
Example: Copper and Zinc can be mixed together to produce brass.

13. Mixtures
Unlike pure substances, mixtures can always be separated by physical means.
How could we separate the copper and zinc back out?

14. Mixtures
If a sample of sand contains iron and salt, how could you separate them from the other minerals?

15. What are the two types of mixtures?
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous

16. Types of Mixtures Heterogeneous mixture
Uneven distribution of substances.
- You can see the different parts.
Examples:
Sand
Granite
Wood
Milk
Blood

17. Mixtures Homogeneous Mixture Components are evenly mixed.
Cannot see the parts.
Salt water contains salt and water, but are mixed all the way to the atomic level
, but it can still be separated by physical means.
Seawater distillation plant

18. What are the types of Heterogeneous Mixtures?
Suspensions
Colloids

19. Heterogeneous Mixtures Suspensions
Suspension: a mixture in which particles of a material are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or gas
Natural orange juice contains particles of pulp.
Particles in a suspension are large and settle out.
Particles in a suspension may settle over time.
Particles in a suspension may be filtered out.

20. Suspension

21. Heterogeneous Mixture Colloids
Colloids are mixtures whose particles are larger than the size of a molecule but smaller than particles that can be seen with the naked eye.

22. Colloids
In a colloid the particles are mixed together but not dissolved.
The particles are relatively large and are kept permanently suspended.

23. Colloids are common in everyday life.
Some examples include whipped cream, mayonnaise, milk, butter, gelatin, jelly, muddy water, plaster, colored glass, and paper

25. Homogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous mixtures are solutions.
solution: a homogeneous mixture throughout which two or more substances are uniformly dispersed
solute: in a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent
solvent: in a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves

26. Homogeneous Mixture

27. Homogeneous Mixtures Miscible liquids mix to form solutions.
Water and vinegar
Immiscible liquids do not mix to form solutions.
Oil and water

28. Anything that has mass and takes up space
Matter

29. Heterogeneous Mixture
Matter
Can be separated physically
Cannot be separated physically
Mixture
Pure Substance
Cannot see the parts
Can be separated chemically
Can see the parts
Cannot be separated
Heterogeneous Mixture
Homogeneous Mixture
Compound
Element
Solute/solvent
Colloid
Suspension
Solution
Tyndall Effect
Particles settle out

30. Matter Student Worksheet
Fill-in the boxes with the appropriate label. Write key words next to each box to help you identify each category.
Matter