1. Laboratory Safety SAFETY IN THE LABORATORY

2. Rules of Laboratory Conduct 1. Perform laboratory work only when your teacher is present. Unauthorized or unsupervised laboratory experimenting is not allowed. 2. Your concern for safety should begin even before the first activity. Always read and think about each laboratory assignment before starting.

3. Rules of Laboratory Conduct 3. Know the location and use of all safety equipment in your laboratory. These should include the safety shower, eye wash, first- aid kit, fire extinguisher, and blanket. Eyewash Shower Fire blanket Broken glass container Goggles cabinet Fume hoods Ceiling exhaust fan Fire extinguishers Spill Clean-up Kits Red and Yellow Code Fire Sprinklers Fire Alarm

4. Rules of Laboratory Conduct 4. Wear a laboratory coat or apron and protective glasses or goggles for all laboratory work. Wear shoes (rather than sandals) and tie back loose hair.

5. Rules of Laboratory Conduct 5. Clear your bench top of all unnecessary materials such as books and clothing before starting your work. 6. Check chemical labels twice to make sure you have the correct substance. Some chemical formulas and names differ by only a letter or number.

6. Rules of Laboratory Conduct 7. You may be asked to transfer some laboratory chemicals from a common bottle or jar to your own test tube or beaker. Do not return any excess material to its original container unless authorized by your teacher. 8. Avoid unnecessary movement and talk in the laboratory.

7. Rules of Laboratory Conduct 9. Never taste laboratory materials. Gum, food, or drinks should not be brought into the laboratory. If you are instructed to smell something, do so by fanning some of the vapor toward your nose. Do not place your nose near the opening of the container.

8. Rules of Laboratory Conduct 10. Never look directly down into a test tube; view the contents from the side. Never point the open end of a test tube toward yourself or your neighbor. 11. Any laboratory accident, however small, should be reported immediately to your teacher.

9. Rules of Laboratory Conduct 12. In case of a chemical spill on your skin or clothing rinse the affected area with plenty of water. If the eyes are affected water-washing must begin immediately and continue for 10 to 15 minutes or until professional assistance is obtained.

10. Rules of Laboratory Conduct 13. Minor skin burns should be placed under cold, running water. 14. When discarding used chemicals, carefully follow the instructions provided. 15. Return equipment, chemicals, aprons, and protective glasses to their designated locations.

11. Rules of Laboratory Conduct 16. Before leaving the laboratory, ensure that gas lines and water faucets are shut off. 17. If in doubt, ask!

12. First Aid in the Laboratory Report ALL accidents, injuries, and spills to your teacher IMMEDIATELY!!! You must know: Safe Laboratory techniques Where and how to report an accident, injury, or spill Location of first aid equipment, fire alarm, phone.

13. Terms You Need to Know Carcinogen: a substance capable of causing cancer or cancerous growths in mammals. Known labels indicate that sufficient information exists which shows a definite relationship between exposure to a substance and cancer in humans. Probable labels indicate there is limited evidence in humans and/or sufficient evidence in experimental animals. Mutagen: a substance capable of causing changes in the genetic material of a cell, which can be transmitted during cell division.

14. Terms You Need to Know Highly Toxic: Agents or substances that when inhaled, absorbed or ingested in small amounts can cause death, disablement, or severe illness. LD 50 : the amount of a substance which will cause death to 50% of a population. Explosive: an unstable substance capable of rapid and violent energy release. Volatile: Easily vaporized from the liquid, or solid state.

15. Terms You Need to Know Corrosive: a substance that causes destruction of tissue by chemical action on contact. Irritant: a substance that on immediate, prolonged, or repeated contact with normal tissue will induce a local inflammatory reaction. Flammable: Burns easily.

16. SAFETY IN THE LABORATORY While no human activity is completely risk free, if you use common sense and a bit of chemical sense, you will encounter few problems. Chemical sense is an extension of common sense. Sensible laboratory conduct won't happen by memorizing a list of rules, any more than a perfect score on a written driver's test ensures an excellent driving record.

17. SAFETY IN THE LABORATORY The previous safety rules apply to all laboratory activities. For your personal safety and that of your classmates, make following these guidelines second nature in the laboratory. If you understand the reasons behind them, these safety rules will be easy to remember and to follow. The true test of chemical sense is your actual conduct in the laboratory.

18. Lab Safety in Ms. Cardona’s Lab Be Smart! Use Common Sense! Be Safe!