1. Bits, Bytes, KiloBytes, MegaBytes, GigaBytes & TeraBytes.

2. Bit 0 or 1

3. Byte Equivalent to 8 bits

4. KiloByte 2 10 Bytes (approx. a thousand) K - Thousand 10 3

5. MegaByte 2 20 Bytes (approx. a million) M - Million 10 6

6. GigaByte 2 30 Bytes (approx. a billion) G - Billion 10 9

7. TeraByte 2 40 Bytes (approx. a trillion) T - Trillion 10 12

8. Decimal (compare to binary) 451 = 4*10 2 + 5*10 1 + 1*10 0 4037 = 4*10 3 + 0*10 2 + 3*10 1 + 7*10 0 52305 = 5*10 4 + 2*10 3 + 3*10 2 + 0*10 1 + 5*10 0

9. Binary 10011 = 1*2 4 + 0*2 3 +0*2 2 +1*2 1 +1*2 0 = 16 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 19 (in base 10) 101101 = 1*2 5 + 0*2 4 + 1*2 3 +1*2 2 +0*2 1 +1*2 0 = 32 + 0 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1 = 45 (in base 10) 1101 = ?

10. One character is represented using one byte (8 bits)

11. ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange The ASCII character code for the letter A is 65 = 0100 0001 The ASCII character code for the letter B is 66 = 0100 0010 etc.

12. ASCII (continued) The ASCII character code for a space (pressing the space bar) is 32 = 0010 0000 The ASCII character code for the letter a is 97 = 0110 0001 The ASCII character code for the letter b is 98 = 0110 0010 etc.

13. Base 16 Base two - digits run from 0 to 1 Base ten - digits run from 0 to 9 Base sixteen - digits run from 0 to 15 The digits are: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F

14. Hexadecimal to Decimal 8 D = 8*16 1 + D*16 0 = 8*16 1 + 13*16 0 = 141 D 8 = D*16 1 + 8*16 0 = 13*16 1 + 8*16 0 = 216 3 E = 3*16 1 + E*16 0 = 3*16 1 + 14*16 0 = 62

15. Decimal to Hexadecimal 16 1 16 0 161 7D 125 in base 16 is: Therefore, there is a remainder of 13 (or D). 16*7 = 112 and 125-112 = 13. 7D

16. Decimal to Hexadecimal 16 1 16 0 161 BF 191 in base 16 is: Therefore, there is a remainder of 15 (or F). 16*11 = 176 and 191-176 = 15. BF