2. 3
Hospitality Past, Present, and Future

3. Objectives
Name three countries that played an important role in the early days of the hospitality industry.
Name five contributions to the hospitality industry by the United States.
Associate the relationship of the change in transportation and the growth of the hospitality industry.
continued

4. Objectives
Assess four challenges that the hospitality industry faces today.
List four factors that affect the hospitality industry that people cannot control.
Determine how knowing trends helps the hospitality manager.
List and give an example of the four types of trends that affect the hospitality industry.

5. Early History
Major innovations came from Egypt, Greece, and the Roman Empire
Tourist attractions, souvenirs, and cruises all originated in Egypt
Greek language and money became widely accepted, making travel and business easier
The Roman system of roads made travel quicker and easier

6. Development in the United States
The United States has made five major contributions to the hospitality industry:
grand hotels
motels
restaurant chains
fast-food businesses
franchises
continued

7. Development in the United States
Stagecoach travel created a need for inns where travelers could eat and sleep
In the 1800s, a boom in railroad travel lead to the development of grand hotels and hoteliers
Automobile travel prompted the development of motels, which included amenities
Airports became a center for hotel, motel, and restaurant development

8. Hospitality Today
Challenges the hospitality industry faces today include
delivering quality service consistently
diversity of the workforce
accommodating special needs
impact of seasons

9. Delivering Consistent Service
Guests must receive good service each time they visit
Managers need to develop procedures that ensure good service
Employees must be trained in these procedures

10. Diversity of the Workforce
Today’s hospitality workforce includes more women and more people from various backgrounds and cultures
To be successful, businesses must meet the needs of this diverse workforce for education, training, and other kinds of support

11. Accommodating Special Needs
Special needs include medical conditions, physical disabilities, and cognitive disabilities
Special needs may also result from religious beliefs, health, or circumstances
The Americans with Disabilities Act was passed to ensure that people with disabilities are treated fairly and that public buildings are accessible

12. Impact of Seasons
Demand for hospitality services varies with the seasons
Peak seasons are those with the highest demand
Off-peak seasons have the lowest demand
Timing of peak and off-peak seasons depends on the type of business and its location

13. Factors Affecting Success
Four factors hospitality managers cannot control include
weather
political conditions
economic conditions
globalization (the process in which the economies of nations become interconnected)

14. Weather Bad weather may cause customers to stay away or to leave early
Severe weather can damage buildings and other property
©Elaine Davis/Shutterstock.com

15. Political Conditions
Bad or dangerous political conditions discourage travel
Today there is increased emphasis on security, particularly at airports and other transportation hubs

16. Economic Conditions
Many hospitality businesses rise and fall with the economy
During a recession or contraction, when the economy slows down, the hospitality industry is one of the first to suffer
During an expansion, the economy grows and does well, but hospitality is one of the last industries to benefit

17. Globalization
Economic problems in one country can affect others around the world
Transnational corporations have offices in countries around the world
Tourism facilities are being developed nationally and internationally

18. Trends for the Future Four trends affecting businesses are
demographic trends
social trends
lifestyle trends
technology trends
Hospitality professionals stay informed about trends so that they can better serve their customers’ needs and wants

19. Demographic Trends
Demographics is the study of a population’s characteristics, such as age, income, or ethnic origin
Two demographic trends that affect the hospitality industry:
more retirees
more young people traveling in small groups

20. Social Trends
A social trend is a change in the structure or beliefs of a society
Two social trends that affect the hospitality industry:
changes in family structure
acceptance of gaming

21. Lifestyle Trends
A lifestyle trend is a change in the way people live their lives
Three lifestyle trends that affect the hospitality industry:
concern for health
impulse buying
desire to learn and have new experiences

22. Technology Trends
Two technology trends that affect the hospitality industry:
customers’ use of the Internet and mobile computing to obtain information and make reservations
businesses’ use of software to manage information about guests, employees, and finances

23. Chapter 3 Review
In ancient times, which country’s language and money became widely accepted, making travel and business easier?
Greece
Which country was the first to develop motels?
the United States
continued

24. Chapter 3 Review
Name four modes of travel that influenced the development of the hospitality industry.
stagecoach, railroad, automobile, airplane
Three of the challenges facing the hospitality industry are consistent service, workforce diversity, and special needs. What is the fourth?
impact of seasons
continued

25. Chapter 3 Review What is globalization?
the process in which the economies of nations become interconnected
Why do hospitality professionals need to stay informed about trends?
so they can better serve their customers’ needs and wants