1. Africa In the Middle Ages
HOMEWORK CHECK

2. What was the main disagreement that the Almohads had with the Almoravids?
They thought they were a better race.
The Almoravids stole their land.
They had moved away from traditional Islam.
They thought the Almoravids were too much like Christians.

3. The Madrid The Mediterranean The Masjid The Maghrib
The part of North Africa that is today in the countries of Libya, Tunisia, Morocco, and Algeria, is called…
The Madrid
The Mediterranean
The Masjid
The Maghrib

4. According to the book, daily life for the Efe is not governed by…
Formal written laws
The laws of nature
Morality
Traditions of the tribe

5. The Igbo The Egyptians The Almohads The Efe
The Cherokee are to the United States, as the __________ are to the Congo.
The Igbo
The Egyptians
The Almohads
The Efe

6. Africa In the Middle Ages
North and Central Africa

7. Learning goal and rubric
4. Discuss the main ideas about West African societies and support them with details. 3. Point out and discuss the main ideas about West African societies. 2. With help, you are able to point out and discuss the main ideas about West African societies. 1. Even with help, no success.

8. Muslim states of North Africa
The Spread of Islam ( ): sometimes with armies and sometimes peacefully
By 670, Muslims had spread to the Maghrib (Coastal area on the Mediterranean Sea; today: Tunisia, Libya, Algeria, Morocco).
Newly converted Muslim rulers in north Africa used Islamic Law (called what?).
Some countries in north Africa still use Shari ’a today.
The Berbers were a north African ethnic group that converted to Islam.
They had two empires that sprung up, one right after another in the Middle Ages.

9. Muslim states of North Africa
The Almoravids
Berbers, 1000s
Religiously based group, who ended up taking over a large part of Northwest Africa and parts of Spain (where they were called the Moors)

10. Muslim states of North Africa
The Almohads
Another group of Muslim-based reformers, 1100s
They thought the Almoravids had gotten off track. Overthrew the Almoravids
They took over most of the land of the Almoravids and united most of the Maghrib of north Africa for the first time.

11. What is the name of the Islamic Law that some Muslim governments use?
Sunni
Patrilineal
Berber
Shari’a

12. Fastest Responders (in seconds)
2.82
Austin Leach
4.77
Brean Mathis
5.2
Orlando Colon
5.71
Caitlyn Colvin
6.01
Jordan Ulee

13. The Almoravids took over part of which European country?
Italy
France
Nigeria
Spain

14. Fastest Responders (in seconds)
3.53
Orlando Colon
3.72
Madison Fitzpatrick
3.85
Jonathan Weir
4.09
Bailey Lunt
4.8
Jeremy Burke

15. The Maghrib is the coastal region in north Africa along which sea?
The Black Sea
The Aegean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea
The Red Sea

16. Fastest Responders (in seconds)
1.29
Caitlyn Colvin
1.42
Darrius Davis 2
Carah Gedeon
2.08
Madison Fitzpatrick
2.38
Brean Mathis

17. Learning goal and rubric
4. Discuss the main ideas about West African societies and support them with details. 3. Point out and discuss the main ideas about West African societies. 2. With help, you are able to point out and discuss the main ideas about West African societies. 1. Even with help, no success.

18. Africa In the Middle Ages
West African Empires

19. Ghana The Sahara Desert Trade difficult with horses
Berbers started using Camels
The Berbers traveled through the territory of a chief (called a Ghana)
Ghana became the name for this whole area
The kings of Ghana began taxing the traders traveling through their land

20. Trade: lifeline for Ghana
Salt and Gold were traded
Gold mined in Ghana
Salt needed by Ghana
The Berbers were traders and also brought cloth, weapons, etc.
The kings of Ghana became rich from taxing all of the trade
Ghana was an empire by 800 AD

21. An empire of trade Ghana’s king controlled the trade and was very rich
He took over other chiefs
He was religious, political, and military leader
Islam came into Ghana by trade, not by war
Only the rich and powerful became Muslims and learned to speak and read Arabic
In 1076, the Almoravids conquered Ghana, hurting the gold & salt trade.

22. 1. Why would the disruption of trade destroy Ghana’s power?
Turn to the person next to you and answer these:
1. Why would the disruption of trade destroy Ghana’s power?
2. Why do you think only the rich and powerful converted to Islam in Ghana?

23. The Berbers The Magyars The Muslims The Igbo
Which North African ethnic group was responsible for conquering Spain and bringing Islam to West Africa?
The Berbers
The Magyars
The Muslims
The Igbo

24. Mali By 1235, Mali had become a kingdom.
It grew wealthy on new sources of gold as Ghana slowly died to the west.
Trade started to come through Mali, not Ghana.
Sundiata was Mali’s first great leader.
Mansa = emperor
Sundiata had great military and political power

25. Mansa musa of mali In 1255, Sundiata died
The next rulers were Muslims.
Mansa Musa reigned from to 1332.
He expanded the empire and appointed governors
Mansa Musa’s Hajj (1324-5)
He built up Timbuktu (mosques and universities)
Many scholars moved to Mali
Ibn Battuta
In Mali for 1 yr.
Wrote about Musa and the fair and peaceful society

26. What valuable trade good made Mali so wealthy?
Cotton
Ivory
Silver
Gold

27. Turn to the person next to you and answer these:
1. What are some stereotypes about Africa? How might the story of Mansa Musa break stereotypes about Africa?
2. How did the environment affect the empires of Ghana and Mali?