1. SuperDARN is a network of HF radars (8-20 MHz) used to study the convection in the Earth's ionosphere at altitudes between 90 and 400 km and at magnetic latitudes between 60° and 90° (each radar has 16 azimuthal beams and 75 ranges). SuperDARN developed in the last 12 years. and 7 in the southern hemisphere. At present, 10 radars operate in the northern hemisphere

2. Temporal Response of Ionospheric Convection to Solar Wind Transitions SuperDARN Science highlights. Imaging High-Latitude Ionospheric Convection Determination of Global Poynting Flux and Joule Heating Global Detection of Atmospheric Gravity Waves and Planetary Waves Measurement of Cross-Polar-Cap Potential Drop Magnetic Reconnection Science Flow Transients and Variability Conjugate Studies of Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Convection Ionospheric Plasma Instabilities ULF Pulsations Magnetic Conjugacy

3. B z < 0 B z > 0 Magnetic reconnection in the magnetosphere. 12 MLT

4. Imaging High-Latitude Ionospheric Convection Spherical harmonics JHUAPL model for CPC potential 12 MLT

5. Counter-rotating convection cells in the dayside high-latitude polar cap [From Huang et al., 2000]. These patterns had been postulated to occur under northward IMF conditions. SuperDARN was the first instrument network to confirm their existence. Imaging High-Latitude Ionospheric Convection

9. Near midnight MLT. Equinox Equatorward moving bands of scatter Low spectral width well defined speeds. Coincident in UT and magnetic latitude. Several cases found. Origin unknown.

11. SuperDARN potential maps Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario, INAF, Roma.

12. SuperDARN potential maps

13. Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario, INAF, Roma. SuperDARN potential maps

14. http://superdarn.jhuapl.edu/