1. LifeSkills ® Training Effective drug prevention strategies are focused on changing behavior

2. LifeSkills ® Major Components Personal Self-Management Skills General Social Skills Drug Resistance Skills

3. Personal Self-Management Skills Personal Behavior Change Self-Image & Behavior / Goal Setting Self-Monitoring & Reinforcement Problem-Solving & Decision-Making Stress and Anxiety Management

4. General Social Skills Effective Communication Greetings and Brief Social Exchanges Conversational Skills Navigating Social Requests Assertiveness

5. Social Resistance Skills Awareness of Media and Other Pro-Drug Social Influences Development of Anti-Drug Use Norms Prevention-Related Drug Knowledge Drug Refusal Skills

6. Summary of Evaluation Results Reduces Substance Abuse by up to 87% Effective in reducing tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, inhalants, narcotics & hallucinogens Effects last for at least 6 years Effective in reducing aggressive/violent behavior Researched and proven effective with African- American, Hispanic, White, Urban, Suburban and Rural Youth

7. Summary of Elementary Pilot Study Results Reduces annual smoking rates by up to 63% Increases self-esteem Findings show that the evidence-based LST model is equally effective at the elementary level

8. Theoretical Foundations Modeling Reinforcement Functional Behavior

9. Cognitive-Behavioral Skills Cognitive Skill Development Connecting thought to action Discussing & Analyzing Reframing Cause & Effect Reasoning

10. Cognitive-Behavioral Skills Behavioral Skill Development Connecting action to thought Behavioral Rehearsals Modeling, “Safe” Practice with Peers Observation and Feedback Building Repertoire of Skills & Tools Changing Norms Through Practice, Reflection & Application of Skills

11. Elementary Program Content by Grade/Level TOPICL1: 3 rd / 4 th L2: 4 th / 5 th L3: 5 th / 6 th Self-Esteem111 Decision-Making111 Smoking Information111 Advertising111 Dealing with Stress111 Communication Skills111 Social Skills111 Assertiveness111 Total Class Sessions888

12. Provider Techniques and Fidelity  Teaching Key Points, Activities and Objectives in Sequence  Using Recommended LST Teaching Skills

13. The Role of Information Information alone does not work, and may increase drug use Provide developmentally appropriate information on Risk Factors Immediate and short-term consequences Salient Issues Do LifeSkills with Kids – Not to them!