1. Ins and Outs of Lime Incorporation in the West Midlands Stephen Davies, Chris Gazey, Anne Wilkins, Dave Gartner Precision SoilTech

2. Bindi Bindi, Barley response 2014 1.06 t/ha1.78 t/ha Nil lime 1996 1.5 t/ha 2005 injected 2 t/ha lime 1996 2.00 t/ha Data: C. Gazey; AgLime; Precision SoilTech

3. Incorporation or more Lime?

4. Esperance Downs Research Station – Repellent Duplex D. Hall, DAFWA

5. 2013 Badgingarra sandy gravel

6. Badgingarra sandy gravel Topsoil pH less than 5.0 Subsoil pH = 4.8 or higher

7. Wheat grain yield 2013 season Also: Grain yield MBP 11% Grain yield MBP + Lime 18% Grain protein 1-1.5% higher Screenings 0.5-1.0% lower Kernel weight 1-3 mg heavier Treatments applied once only in 2007

8. Barley grain yield 2014 season Whole site deep ripped 2014 Grain yield response: MBP or Lime 12% MBP & Lime 38% Paddock average 3.1 t/ha

9. Subsoil target Topsoil target Limed once in 2007 2 t/ha limesand Knife point seeder 7-inch row spacing, working 6- inches deep Soil pH 2014

10. Ryegrass biomass 2014 Ryegrass biomass change: Surface Lime 54% Mouldboard plough 36% MBP + Lime 75%

11. Openers on ripper tines Incorporation depth = 20-26 cm

12. Wings on ripper tines Incorporation depth = 20-25 cm

13. Grizzly deep digger Incorporation depth = 20-25 cm

14. Grizzly offsets vs Spader OFFSETS Depth = 24-25 cm SPADER Depth = 28-35 cm

15. Modified blade plough Incorporation Depth = 20-23 cm Incorporation depth of other options Regular deep ripping, standard offsets = 10-15 cm

16. Supporting your success Modified One-way plough Untreated = 6.6 OWP = 3.3 MED

17. 1)Know your pH profile to depth 2)Have a strategy top apply enough lime to fix & maintain the pH profile 3)Assess whether the soil will be responsive to cultivation 4)Other constraints - water repellence, compaction, weeds? 5)Undecided about incorporation method? – keep liming! 6)Variable rate apply lime to major soil types if warranted Incorporation or More Lime? Fix the top… Line things up… Fix the bottom

18. GRDC Projects DAW00204 & 244 Soil water repellence DAW00236 Soil acidity COGGO Project: Developing and testing innovative, practical and reliable methods for incorporating lime into acidic sandplain subsoils – West Midlands Group NACC Projects: Demonstrating innovative practices for the amelioration of sub surface Acidity to improve soil health; 1412-05-01 Thanks to: Peter Negus; David Paish, Glen Riethmuller, Travis Hollins Precision SoilTech