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Wake-up Which macromolecule functions in short term energy and structure? Explain the difference between Benedict’s and Biuret’s.
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Enzymes Christopherson
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Chemical Reaction Reactants Products
Occurs when bonds are broken or formed to create a new substance Reactants Products
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Metabolism Sum of all chemical reactions in living things
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Cell regulate chemical reactions through the use of proteins called ENZYMES
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Characteristics of Enzymes #1
Enzymes are BIOLOGICAL CATALYSTS WHAT??????
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Catalysts speed up chemical reactions
What is a Catalyst? Catalysts speed up chemical reactions Ex: What do you do to help sugar dissolve faster in tea?
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Example of Enzymes as Catalysts
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Enzymes and Reactions
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Characteristics of Enzymes #2
Enzymes are site specific One enzyme = One job
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How Enzymes Work*
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What does this have to do with ME????? Who cares about enzymes?
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Lactose is a Disaccharide (2 sugars) found in milk
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Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose
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What does lactose get broken down into by lactase?
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Fill in the following terms into the enzyme diagram below:
Lactase Glucose Lactose Galactose
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What’s happening in us?
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What is Lactose Intolerance?
Lactase is not present to break down the lactose. The sugar just builds up inside.
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What’s happening in us?
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Effects of Lactose Intolerance*
Bloating, Pain/Cramps in Belly, Noise in Belly, Gas, Diarrhea
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Lactose Intolerance Worldwide
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Lactose Intolerance in Ethnic Groups
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What to do if you are Lactose Intolerant?
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Wake-up Identify A, B, C, D, and E using the following terms: product, enzyme, substrate, enzyme-substrate complex Explain a Biological Catalyst.
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Environmental Effects on Enzymes
Temperature* High Temperatures can denature enzymes Denature means lose shape (active site).
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Environmental Effects on Enzymes
Temperature Low Temperatures cause enzymes to move slowly Decreasing enzyme activity
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Environmental Effects on Enzymes
pH Dramatic changes in the pH of a solution can denature an enzyme Decreasing enzyme activity
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Digestion Nerves Digestion Papaya’s
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H2O2 H2O + O2 Liver Lab: Formula Hydrogen peroxide Water Oxygen
Catalase: Liver H2O H2O + O2 Hydrogen peroxide Water Oxygen
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Label the following in diagram
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What will happen when Hydrogen Peroxide is added to Liver?
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