1. Industrial Production of MPGDs Rui de Oliveira Workshop on neutron detection with MPGD CERN 14-15 October 2013 1

2. Outline MPGD production possibilities at CERN MPGD production possibilities at CERN What GEM & MM detectors parts could be produced in industry? Present and Future technical possibilities Conclusion 2

3. I’m not going to describe all the different detectors we are producing I will focus on last generation GEM and Micromegas detectors. THGEM is the third type of detector that could be mass produced in industry but there is still work to be done to find competent players. The final cleaning step needs to be stabilized before asking a company to commit on working parts. 3

4. CMS GE1/1 Prototype 1.1m x 0.45m Expected volume : 300m2 ATLAS Muon prototype 2mx1m Expected volume : 1200m2 Examples 4

5. MPGD possibilities at CERN Large laminator 1.4m Large Solvent strip 2m x 0.8m Large exposure 2.2m x 1.4m PI etching 0.6m Large oven 1.4mx 2.3m Thanks to 9 new equipment and a team of 20 engineer & technicians we have the capability to provide: -GEM up to 2m x 0.5m -Micromegas detectors up to 2m x 1m -THGEMs up to 600mm x 600mm Equipment are essentially dedicated to prototype production. Possibilities for medium to high volume productions (but needs formal agreement). 5 Large developerLarge stripperLarge etcher Large electro-etch 2m x 0.8m I In 107  1m Now  0.6m In 107

6. New Building 107 6

7. 7

8. 8

9. The construction have started mid 2012 The construction should end mid 2014 Roof should be in place this winter 40 square meter room reserved for MPGD assembly All the machines for large size detectors production are in the layout 1400m2 area dedicated to the PCB workshop with optimized layout Most of the open baths will be replaced by compact machines Rooms are reserved for new processes (laser and plasma) 9 New building 107

10. Outline MPGD production possibilities at CERN What GEM & MM detectors parts could be produced in industry? What GEM & MM detectors parts could be produced in industry? Present and Future technical possibilities Conclusion 10

11. GEM detector NS2 assembly GEM detector NS2 assembly 11

12. GEM detector NS2 assembly GEM detector NS2 assembly 12

13. GEM detector NS2 assembly GEM detector NS2 assembly 13

14. GEM detector NS2 assembly GEM detector NS2 assembly 14 Readout connector O-ring Drift electrode Sector Resistors Pulling screws to adjust stretching GND GEM attaching structure (4 pieces defining gaps) Free to slide on +/-1mm Embedded nut O-ring 3 GEMs

15. 15 Gem Stack

16. 16Stretch

17. GEM detector parts in industry Read-out PCB  STD PCB producers Drift PCB  STD PCB producers Frames  STD PCB producers Screws, o-rings, gas plugs etc  std parts GEM  needs specific companies 17

18. 18 Large PCB procurement: Any company for boards smaller than 500mm x 500mm Viasystem US company Multilayer boards size : 1.2m x 0.5m ShenZhen SinoFast Electron Limited Chinese company Multilayer boards size: 1.3m x 0.5m large boards are now being produced ELTOS Italian company Single sided boards size: 2.3m x 0.5m Double sided boards size: 1.2m x 0.5m Multilayer boards size: 700mm x 0.5m ELVIA French company Single sided boards size: 2.3m x 0.5m Double sided boards size : 700mm x 0.5m? Multilayer boards size: 700mm x 0.5m

19. 19 GEM in industry Techtra Polish company Making GEM since 10 years Licensed by CERN Setting up equipment for large GEM production since 1 year 30cm x 10cm GEMs already produced CERN qualified for GEM 10cm x 10cm Ready for mass production with small sizes UPLUS/Mecharonics Korean company Making GEM since a few months Licensed By CERN 30cm x 30cm GEMs already produced (low quality) Willing to ramp up to large size Willing to do mass production Tech-etch US company Making GEM since 15 years Many small and medium sizes GEM have been produced Recently involved in STAR experiment (80 GEMs 40cmx40cm) Active TT transfer with CERN to build large size foils Licensed by CERN Ready for mass production with small and medium sizes Scienergy Japanese company Making GEM since 6 years Fine pitch CO2 laser drilled GEM up to 30cm x 30cm Licensed by CERN Mass production not foreseen Small company Only Making GEM Large group Chemical activity 400 persons Chemical milling/PCB Small company Laser technologies

20. Resistive MicroMegas 20

21. 21 PCB + readout strips Read/out PCB: 50um Kapton + resistive strips

22. 22 PCB + readout strips Read/out PCB: 50um Kapton + resistive strips 25um Glue

23. 23 PCB + readout strips Read/out PCB: 50um Kapton + resistive strips 25um Glue Isostatic Gluing

24. 24 PCB + readout strips Read/out PCB: 50um Kapton + resistive strips 25um Glue Isostatic Gluing Pillars creation

25. 25 Honey comb Read-out PCB with Pillars Micromegas Honey comb Drift electrode PCB

26. 26Micromegas

27. Picture : 2m x 1m x 10 mm Aluminum honeycomb drift panel Mesh stretched and glued on a frame Max size: 3.4m x 2.2m in one piece Picture : 2m x 1m x 0.5 mm read-out board with pillars in 4 parts 10 mm thick Aluminum honeycomb Max size for 1 PCB : 2.2m x 0.6m

28. Micromegas detector parts in industry Naked read-out PCB  STD PCB producers Resistive layer  STD printing companies Resistive layer gluing  STD PCB companies Drift PCB  PCB producers Frames/Honey comb plates  Mechanics Screws, o-rings, gas plugs etc  std parts Mesh  STD producers No red ! 28

29. 29 Large PCB procurement: Any PCB producer for boards smaller than 500mm x 500mm Viasystem ShenZhen SinoFast Electron Limited ELTOS ELVIA

30. 30 Micomegas in Industry ELTOS Italian company Resistive 10cm x10cm BULK Micromegas  OK Large single side read-out boards and drift (2mx0.5m)  OK Medium size resistive screen printing  OK Screen printing of large area  in progress Pillars on large area  OK Mass production of medium size  OK ATLAS MSW detectors in production  1.2m x 0.5m X/V detector ELVIA (see Fabien Jeanneau talk in WG6) French Company Resistive 40cm x 40cm BULK Micromegas  OK Large single side read-out boards and drift (2mx0.5m)  OK Medium size resistive screen printing  OK Screen printing of large area  in progress Pillars on large area  OK Mass production of medium size  OK LSBB detectors in production  1.2m x 0.5m X/Y detector Seritec Swiss company near CERN stretching meshes Stretching 2m x 1m mesh  OK Max possible size: 3.2m x 2.2m Mass production  OK Charbonney Swiss company near CERN doing screen printing Printing 1m x 0.5m resistive strips  OK Max possible size: 1.5m x 0.9m Mass Production  OK MDT Italian company having an extra large Isostatic press Press gluing capability 4.2m x 1.6m  to be tested Mass production  OK

31. Outline MPGD production possibilities at CERN What GEM & MM detectors parts could be produced in industry? Present and Future technical possibilities Present and Future technical possibilities Conclusion 31

32. Present possibilities Technical possibilities – Radiation hard devices up to 500 Mrad – High temperature detectors up to 400 Deg – Low temperature (Liquid Argon) – High granularity resolution below 50um – Time resolution below 4ns – High rate up to Mhz/square millimetres – Devices with inbuilt spark dumping system – High IBF reduction configurations down to 0.1% – Special converters CSI Boron Special gases Special polymers – Low mass detectors – Low background detectors 32

33. Future Potential production technical possibilities – Laser patterning Fast prototyping – Special GEM shape in a few days Pattern any metal – Ex : Aluminium GEMs Pattern any dielectrics – PEEK, PTFE, PEI, PET, LCP etc.. – Vacuum deposition Metals Resistive layers – Carbon/diamond resistive layers » Ideas to apply it to GEM, Micro-BULK, Well,THGEM detectors Dielectrics 33

34. Ex: Laser GEM evolution Development of gas electron multiplier foils with a laser etching technique T. Tamagawa aT. Tamagawa a,,, <img alt="Corresponding author contact information" src="http://origin- cdn.els-cdn.com/sd/entities/REcor.gif"> <img src="http://origin-cdn.els- cdn.com/sd/entities/REemail.gif" alt="E-mail the corresponding author"> N. Tsunoda aN. Tsunoda a, b, A. Hayato a, b, H. Hamagaki c, M. Inuzuka d, H. Miyasaka e, I. Sakurai f, F. Tokanai g, K. Makishima a, hbA. Hayato abH. Hamagaki cM. Inuzuka dH. Miyasaka eI. Sakurai fF. Tokanai gK. Makishima ah 2000 Co2 laser Very precise Photolithography needed High cost 2005 UV laser Trepanning + cleaning Very precise No more photolithography Low speed 100 holes/s Medium/high cost Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc US8410396 B1 2013 UV Laser Trepanning + cleaning Multi beams Very precise High speed 1k to 2k holes/s lower cost See Orbotech talk WG6 34

35. Neutrons converters possibilities Thermal neutrons – B4C vacuum deposition : some experience on GEM at CERN – BN vacuum deposition : some experience on metals – B10 to be studied – Large sizes up to 600mm width possible in theory. Fast neutrons – PET GEMs with aluminium electrodes (need laser) – PET THGEMs with aluminium electrodes feasible Polycarbonate THGEMs have already been produced 35

36. Conclusion MPGDs are already in the hands of industry Mass production in industry already possible for small and medium size detectors. Still many possibilities to investigate in future for new MPGDs 36