1. Investigating Ground Water Contamination at Ohio’s C&DD Landfills Aaron Shear Ohio’s Solid Waste and C&DD Program Annual Meeting May 9, 2013

3. In 2005, Ohio legislature enacted ORC 3714.071 Established funding mechanism for conducting ground water monitoring at licensed C&DD facilities operating before April 15, 2005. The fund may not be used to pay for ground water monitoring activities required to comply with rules adopted under ORC 3714.02 Authorized expenditures include installation of ground water monitoring wells, GW sampling, and laboratory analysis. In 2005, Ohio legislature enacted ORC 3714.071 Established funding mechanism for conducting ground water monitoring at licensed C&DD facilities operating before April 15, 2005. The fund may not be used to pay for ground water monitoring activities required to comply with rules adopted under ORC 3714.02 Authorized expenditures include installation of ground water monitoring wells, GW sampling, and laboratory analysis.

4. Approximately 43 Currently Licensed Facilities

5. ORC 3714.071 Funds Current fee for disposal of construction and demolition debris- $0.10/ton $0.08 to Ohio EPA (April 2013 ~ $1.3 Million) $0.02 to approved Health District ($35 ~ $110,000) Current fee for disposal of construction and demolition debris- $0.10/ton $0.08 to Ohio EPA (April 2013 ~ $1.3 Million) $0.02 to approved Health District ($35 ~ $110,000)

6. Priority Criteria

7. Prioritize C&DD facilities based on threat to: Priority Criteria

8. Public Health Criteria Protection of Critical Drinking Water Resources Protection of Aquifer Susceptible to Contamination Conditions Conducive to Ground Water Contamination Engineering Controls Ground Water Monitoring Site Specific Factors Priority Criteria

9. pHGI Objectives Evaluate the potential for a release of C&DD-derived constituents to ground water downgradient of the limits of debris placement. Evaluate the adequacy of the ground water monitoring network for early detection of a release to ground water. pHGI Objectives Evaluate the potential for a release of C&DD-derived constituents to ground water downgradient of the limits of debris placement. Evaluate the adequacy of the ground water monitoring network for early detection of a release to ground water. Preliminary Hydrogeologic Investigation (pHGI)

10. “Paper Study” of hydrogeology and other available facility data No monitoring well installation or ground water sampling 5 possible conclusions from the pHGI “Paper Study” of hydrogeology and other available facility data No monitoring well installation or ground water sampling 5 possible conclusions from the pHGI Preliminary Hydrogeologic Investigation (pHGI)

11. pHGI - Research File Search – Health Department Site Characterization Report (SCR) from Initial License Recent license applications Annual Ground Water Quality Reports from facility Notice of Violations (NOVs) Other available data or information Photos

12. Historical Arial Photography Google Earth CAGIS Other mapping programs Track progression of C&DD placement Note recent and historical surrounding land uses pHGI - Research

13. ODNR Maps & Reports County Ground-Water Resource map Bedrock topography, glacial geology and other maps & reports pHGI - Research

14. Statistical Evaluation of GW Monitoring Data Note statistically significant increases above background Note increasing trends in monitoring parameters pHGI - Research

15. Other Evaluation of GW Monitoring Data Create Iso-concentration maps of monitoring parameters Redox data pHGI - Research

16. Site Reconnaissance Evaluate Current Site Conditions Compare Site Conditions to publically- available data and information pHGI - Research

17. Use of ORC 3714.071 Funds Facility has potential to impact GW but no GW monitoring, and thus could benefit from installation and sampling of additional wells using ORC 3714.071 funds. Facility has an inadequate GW monitoring network for early detection of a release and could benefit from installation and sampling of additional wells using ORC 3714.071 funds. Use of ORC 3714.071 Funds Facility has potential to impact GW but no GW monitoring, and thus could benefit from installation and sampling of additional wells using ORC 3714.071 funds. Facility has an inadequate GW monitoring network for early detection of a release and could benefit from installation and sampling of additional wells using ORC 3714.071 funds. pHGI - Conclusions

18. No additional action needed Facility has little or no potential to impact GW and no GW monitoring, and thus no need to install wells using ORC 3714.071 funds. Facility has an adequate GW monitoring network for early detection of a release but no indication of impact to GW. No additional action needed Facility has little or no potential to impact GW and no GW monitoring, and thus no need to install wells using ORC 3714.071 funds. Facility has an adequate GW monitoring network for early detection of a release but no indication of impact to GW. pHGI - Conclusions

19. Facility with GW monitoring and may be impacting GW – Owner/Operator needs to conduct a GW assessment. Consensual or Unilateral Orders to conduct an Assessment -OAC Rule 3745-400-10 Facility with GW monitoring and may be impacting GW – Owner/Operator needs to conduct a GW assessment. Consensual or Unilateral Orders to conduct an Assessment -OAC Rule 3745-400-10 pHGI - Conclusions

20. Program Timeline Program Timeline- 2010 DDAGW & DMWM Staff begin development of numerical evaluation system (Priority Criteria) Begin gathering readily available facility data and additional site resources

21. Program Timeline Program Timeline- 2011 Jan/Feb Program Staff visit District Office and Consult with Approved Health Departments May Interested Party Comment Period and Meeting with Representatives from CDAO June Responsiveness Summary / Comments Incorporated into Finalized Priority Criteria Summer/Fall Initial Evaluation and Scoring of all Licensed C&DD Facilities using Priority Criteria

22. Program Timeline Program Timeline- 2012 Preliminary Hydrogeologic Investigations were completed for 13 facilities ORC 3714.071 Funds were used at 2 facilities Ground water Assessment activities have commenced at several facilities

23. Program Timeline 2013- Future Develop pHGI for remaining facilities Continue using ORC 3714.071 funds where needed Conduct assessment activities where facilities may be impacting ground water 2013- Future Develop pHGI for remaining facilities Continue using ORC 3714.071 funds where needed Conduct assessment activities where facilities may be impacting ground water

24. Q&A - Comments