2. Topic: Relative Dating

3. What is the usual order these meals are eaten during the day? A C B D

4. Typical Order C B A D

5. Relative Dating: --

6. Principles of Relative Dating

7. The layers and jagged rocks of the reef, Capitol Reef, Utah Orange Layer Red Layer Green Layer

8. 1.Principle of Superposition –

9. Superposition in the Grand Canyon

10. 2) Original Horizontality -

13. Normal faults are nicely exposed at several points within the canyon walls. Red Rock Canyon State Park near Mojave, California

14. 3. The Law of Deformed Strata: - Folded Strata Normal Strata Faulted Strata Tilted Strata

15. 4. Cross-cutting relationships- - Intrusion

16. Before the lava & magma cools After the magma and lava cools

17. Igneous Intrusions causes Contact Metamorphism Contact metamorphism with pegmatite Orchard Beach, Bronx Hot Magma touches surrounding rocks H e a t Granite Intrusion Pre-existing rock Contact metamorphism Pre- existing rock

18. Contact Metamorphism: shown by hachure marks

19. 5. Included fragments: -

20. 6) Unconformities Buried erosional surface -

21. Limestone Uplift Weathering & Erosion Curved, wavy surface shows erosion

22. Unconformity

23. Layers are formed according to superposition.

24. Something happens to uplift the area folding, faulting, etc.

25. Erosion wears away the uppermost layers

26. Area submerges and deposition begins again. Here’s the unconformity

27. Final Question:  Place the letters in order from oldest to youngest –-–-–-–- –-–-–-–- –-–-–-–- –-–-–-–- –-–-–-–- –-–-–-–- –-–-–-–-

28. Sequence 1: Uplift & Erosion 1. Limestone deposited 2. Sandstone deposited 3. Shale Deposited 4. Uplift 5. Erosion

29. Sequence 2: Faulting 1. - 2. - 3. - 4. -

30. Sequence 3: Folding 1. - 2. - 3. - 4. -

31. Sequence 4: Igneous Intrusion 1. - 2. - 3. - 4. -