1. Benefits Provided by SANITATION Derko KOPITOPOULOS February 2006

2. Making the case for sanitation: the benefits Environment HealthEconomyCommunity SocialOperations Sanitation

3. Making the case for sanitation: health No fecal contamination Water use Direct contact (hands) Hygiene Latrines Septic tanks Sewers Treatment No excreta-related diseases Hepatitis, viruses, amoebiasis E.Coli, cholera, typhoid Ascariasis, taenia Less medical costs for treatment at patient’s charge at employer’s charge at hospital’s charge No loss of productive days from sick patients family members attending sick patients school days (future value) No cost for transportation of patients of visiting family members No funeral costs No moral pain

4. Making the case for sanitation: health No ponding water Less medical costs for treatment at patient’s charge at employer’s charge at hospital’s charge No loss of productive days from sick patients family members attending sick patients school days (future value) No cost for transportation of patients of visiting family members No funeral costs No moral pain Soakaways Sewers No water-related diseases Malaria, filariasis, dengue Schistosomiasis

5. Making the case for sanitation:environmental Higher property value of the housing Higher attraction potential for tourism Create jobs for tourism No visual, no adverse odor Natural resources preserved Latrines Septic tanks Soakaways Sewers Treatment

6. No use of drinkable water for irrigation No use of contaminated water for irrigation Higher production rates (nutrients) Create jobs for agriculture Production of Energy (substitution of wood) Reuse of treated wastewater (irrigation, watering, aquaculture) excreta (manure) biogas Making the case for sanitation:environmental Latrines Septic tanks Sewers Treatment

7. Making the case for sanitation:operations Less costs for the operator Water supply treatment Collection (shorter distances) Better image of operator (quality) Better water quality of natural ressources Use of nearby water resources No wastewater intrusion into water network Latrines Septic tanks Sewers Treatment Protection of resources Rivers, lakes Subterranean water resources Soils

8. Making the case for sanitation:operations Less costs for the operator Operation Maintenance Less grit and sludge in sewers Less grit and sludge in treatment plant Less black water in drainage Latrines Septic tanks

9. Making the case for sanitation:operations Higher incomes for operator (if equipped with water meters) Higher water consumption (because of sullage collection) Septic tanks Soakaway Sewers

10. Making the case for sanitation:operations Higher incomes (if metered) Better financial situation Higher water consumption Better clients (invoices paid) Septic tanks Soakaway Sewers More economical potential (mainly because of time saved)

11. Making the case for sanitation:social Latrines Sewers Septic tanks Convenience, privacy Safety Facilities for girls Children Status and prestige More productive days From time saved More girls at school (future value)

12. Making the case for sanitation:social Latrines Sewers Septic tanks Treatment Sanitation market promotion Higher quality of products Better reputation on markets Job opportunities for suppliers More Export and trade opportunities

13. Making the case for sanitation:social Other projects (solid waste..) Optimization of community resources Good governance Social cohesion Organization of the community Higher representativity of the community Hygiene Latrines Sewers Septic tanks Community mobilization Increased awareness Capacity building in community

14. The End