1. Joseph Smith - founder of the Mormons
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Joseph Smith - founder of the Mormons
The Mormons are a religious group of Christians with a different view and an alternative holy book to the bible, the Book of Mormon.

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The Mormons believed on communal ownership of land which means that everyone in the church shared their property. (The opposite of private ownership. Kind of like Communism.)
The Mormons believed in polygamy which means that a man can have more than one wife.
Joseph Smith
Some of the Mormon beliefs upset other Christian groups.

3. The Mormons - Troubles with Neighbors
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Mormon Nauvoo Temple in Illinois
The Mormons moved from New York, to Ohio, to Missouri and finally settled in Illinois for a while. There they build a commune (a place where people share their property) called Nauvoo.

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The Mormons beliefs and lifestyle upset some people in Illinois and there was an outbreak of violence against the Mormons. Joseph Smith and his brother Hiram Smith were both murdered by the angry crowd.

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Brigham Young
The new leader of the Mormons, Brigham Young decided to move the Mormons to Utah. Slowly, over the next several years, groups of Mormon pioneers moved west and settled near what today is Salt Lake City, Utah.

6. California Gold Rush Americans Rush West Pg.398 Sutter’s Mill
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Sutter’s Mill
Gold was accidentally discovered
at Sutter’s Mill by James Marshall
who worked for John Sutter.
James Marshall
John Sutter

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Sutter’s Mill today...

8. Sutter’s Mill (replica)
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Sutter’s Mill (replica)

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Sutter’s Mill today...

10. People who came looking for gold were called prospectors.
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About 80,000 people rushed to California in 1849 to try to strike it rich from finding gold. They were nicknamed, “Forty-niners”.
People who came looking for gold were called prospectors.

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At first, the gold in California was found right near the surface of the earth in river beds or loose soil along or near the rivers.
Panning for gold

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Panning for gold

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Panning for gold

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But eventually it became much harder to get gold and better methods were developed like using a
sluice box.

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18. California - A new state
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California became a state in

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Many Chinese people risked jail or death to come to America in search of gold.

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23. Some free blacks also came to try to strike it rich.
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Some free blacks also came to try to strike it rich.